2,851
edits
NADase: Difference between revisions
→Known NADase Enzymes
No edit summary |
|||
| (11 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
Reducing NADase enzymes by corresponding inhibitors is a way to boost NAD+ levels (see [[NAD+ Booster]]). | Reducing NADase enzymes by corresponding inhibitors is a way to boost NAD+ levels (see [[NAD+ Booster]]). | ||
=== | === Enzyme Reaction === | ||
NADase catalyzes the hydrolysis of NAD+, a reaction which can be represented as follows: | NADase catalyzes the hydrolysis of NAD+, a reaction which can be represented as follows: | ||
| Line 11: | Line 11: | ||
This reaction is pivotal as it regulates the levels of NAD+ available in the cell, directly impacting cellular energy metabolism, DNA repair mechanisms, and aging processes. | This reaction is pivotal as it regulates the levels of NAD+ available in the cell, directly impacting cellular energy metabolism, DNA repair mechanisms, and aging processes. | ||
== Known NADase Enzymes == | === Known NADase Enzymes === | ||
Here is some information on known NADase enzymes. | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:left;" | {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:left;" | ||
| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
! Enzyme!! Description!!Function!!Location/Expression!!Implications in Aging!!Associated Diseases | ! Enzyme!! Description!!Function!!Location/Expression!!Implications in Aging!!Associated Diseases | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[CD38]]'''||CD38 is a multifunctional enzyme involved in calcium signaling and | |'''[[CD38]]'''||CD38 is a multifunctional enzyme involved in calcium signaling and immune response. It regulates NAD+ homeostasis by catalyzing the conversion of NAD+ to ADP-ribose and nicotinamide.||Calcium signaling, immune response, NAD+ metabolism.||Widely expressed in immune cells and various other tissues.||High activity linked to reduced NAD+ levels, impacting cellular aging and metabolic health.||Chronic inflammatory conditions, some forms of leukemia, metabolic disorders. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[CD157]]'''||CD157, | |'''[[CD157]] / BST1'''||CD157/BST1 functions in leukocyte trafficking, particularly affecting monocyte and neutrophil migration during inflammation. It shares structural similarities with CD38 and has NADase activity.||Regulation of monocyte and neutrophil migration, inflammatory response.||Primarily found in bone marrow, myeloid cells, and certain immune cells.||Its roles in inflammation and immune regulation might impact aging-related inflammatory conditions.||Autoimmune diseases, some hematological cancers. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[SARM1]]'''||SARM1 | |'''[[SARM1]]'''||SARM1, crucial in programmed axon degeneration, is a central player in axonal injury responses. It possesses intrinsic NADase activity, leading to axonal degeneration.||Axonal degeneration, innate immune response.||Predominantly located in the nervous system, particularly in neurons.||Key in neurodegenerative processes related to aging and neuronal injury.||Various neurodegenerative diseases like ALS, peripheral neuropathies. | ||
|- | |||
|'''[[PARP1]]'''||PARP1 is a DNA repair enzyme that consumes NAD+ to add ADP-ribose units to target proteins, facilitating DNA repair and cell survival.||DNA repair, cell survival, ADP-ribosylation of proteins.||Ubiquitously expressed in the nucleus of cells across various tissues.||Altered activity affects DNA repair mechanisms, crucial in aging and cellular health.||Various cancers, ischemic injuries, neurodegenerative diseases. | |||
|- | |||
|'''[[PARP2]]'''||Similar to PARP1, PARP2 is involved in DNA repair. It also helps maintain genomic stability and regulates gene expression.||DNA repair, genomic stability, gene expression regulation.||Located in the cell nucleus, expressed in a range of cell types.||Influences DNA maintenance and repair processes important in aging.||Cancers, particularly those sensitive to DNA damage, some genetic disorders. | |||
|- | |||
|'''[[Sirtuins|Sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7)]]'''||Sirtuins, a family of NAD+-dependent enzymes (SIRT1-SIRT7), are involved in a wide range of cellular processes. Each sirtuin has distinct functions, from DNA repair to metabolic regulation.||Gene expression regulation, DNA repair, metabolism, stress resistance, cell survival.||Diverse expression patterns; SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT6 are key in metabolic regulation.||Critical in cellular aging, metabolic health, and stress responses.||Aging, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases. | |||
|} | |} | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[ | * [[Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD)]] | ||
* [[NAD+ Boosters]] | |||
* [[Sirtuins]] | |||
* {{SeeWikipedia|NAD+ glycohydrolase}} | |||
[[Category:Molecular and Cellular Biology]] | |||