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SIRT1: Difference between revisions
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'''SIRT1''' is one of the seven mammalian [[Sirtuins|sirtuins]], a family of proteins critical to cellular regulation and longevity. Sirtuins, in general, are known for their role in extending lifespan and improving health. SIRT1 is particularly noteworthy due to its extensive involvement in cellular processes that are directly linked to the aging process, including cellular metabolism, inflammation, stress resistance, and survival. | '''SIRT1''' is one of the seven mammalian [[Sirtuins|sirtuins]], a family of proteins critical to cellular regulation and longevity. Sirtuins, in general, are known for their role in extending lifespan and improving health. SIRT1 is particularly noteworthy due to its extensive involvement in cellular processes that are directly linked to the aging process, including cellular metabolism, inflammation, stress resistance, and survival. | ||
Research has demonstrated that overexpression of SIRT1 in mice models leads to extended lifespan and delayed onset of age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative conditions, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic disorders. Caloric restriction, a well-known lifespan-extending intervention, has been shown to activate SIRT1, suggesting a potential mechanism by which reduced calorie intake promotes longevity. | Research has demonstrated that overexpression of SIRT1 in mice models leads to extended lifespan and delayed onset of age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative conditions, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic disorders. Caloric restriction, a well-known lifespan-extending intervention, has been shown to activate SIRT1, suggesting a potential mechanism by which reduced calorie intake promotes longevity. Recent studies have also indicated a potential link between SIRT1 and improved vascular function, particularly through [[Nitrate-Mediated Vasodilation (NMD)]], a process vital for cardiovascular health and longevity. | ||
= Function and Mechanism = | == Function and Mechanism == | ||
SIRT1 regulates cellular processes by deacetylating a variety of protein substrates, including transcription factors and cofactors. Through its deacetylation activity, SIRT1 impacts cellular energy metabolism, stress response, and inflammation, which collectively contribute to lifespan extension. | SIRT1 regulates cellular processes by deacetylating a variety of protein substrates, including transcription factors and cofactors. Through its deacetylation activity, SIRT1 impacts cellular energy metabolism, stress response, and inflammation, which collectively contribute to lifespan extension. | ||
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==== Inflammation Regulation ==== | ==== Inflammation Regulation ==== | ||
By deacetylating nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), a key regulator of inflammatory responses, SIRT1 modulates inflammation within cells, reducing the likelihood of chronic inflammation, a known contributor to aging and age-related diseases. | By deacetylating nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), a key regulator of inflammatory responses, SIRT1 modulates inflammation within cells, reducing the likelihood of chronic inflammation, a known contributor to aging and age-related diseases. | ||
==== Vascular Function ==== | |||
Emerging research suggests that SIRT1 may play a role in promoting vascular health through mechanisms that could include the enhancement of Nitrate-Mediated Vasodilation (NMD). NMD, essential for cardiovascular health, involves the dilation of blood vessels facilitated by dietary nitrates, which are converted to nitric oxide in the body. This process is crucial for maintaining proper blood flow and blood pressure, both of which are fundamental to overall health and longevity. | |||
== Activation of SIRT1 == | == Activation of SIRT1 == | ||
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==== SIRT1 Activating Compounds (STACs) ==== | ==== SIRT1 Activating Compounds (STACs) ==== | ||
Resveratrol is one of the most well-known and studied SIRT1 Activating Compounds (STACs). It is a natural polyphenolic compound found in grapes, berries, peanuts, and red wine. Resveratrol mimics the effects of caloric restriction by modulating the same pathways and has shown to confer protective effects against various diseases, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. | [[Resveratrol]] is one of the most well-known and studied SIRT1 Activating Compounds (STACs). It is a natural polyphenolic compound found in grapes, berries, peanuts, and red wine. Resveratrol mimics the effects of caloric restriction by modulating the same pathways and has shown to confer protective effects against various diseases, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. | ||
In addition to resveratrol, several other synthetic and natural STACs have been identified, such as SRT1720, SRT2104, and [[Quercetin|quercetin]]. These compounds have demonstrated the potential to enhance SIRT1 activity, modulate metabolic processes, and extend lifespan in various animal models. The translational potential of these compounds, including resveratrol, to human health and longevity remains to be fully elucidated, with ongoing studies aimed at understanding their efficacy, optimal dosages, and mechanisms of action. | In addition to resveratrol, several other synthetic and natural STACs have been identified, such as SRT1720, SRT2104, and [[Quercetin|quercetin]]. These compounds have demonstrated the potential to enhance SIRT1 activity, modulate metabolic processes, and extend lifespan in various animal models. The translational potential of these compounds, including resveratrol, to human health and longevity remains to be fully elucidated, with ongoing studies aimed at understanding their efficacy, optimal dosages, and mechanisms of action. | ||
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== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[ | * [[Sirtuins]] | ||
* {{SeeWikipedia|SIRT1}} | |||
[[Category:Molecular and Cellular Biology]] | [[Category:Molecular and Cellular Biology]] | ||