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Apigenin: Difference between revisions
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Apigenin is found abundantly in various plant foods, such as parsley, celery, and chamomile tea. It’s a subject of increasing research interest due to its diverse biological activities and its potential benefits in preventing and managing a range of health conditions, from metabolic disorders to age-related diseases. | Apigenin is found abundantly in various plant foods, such as parsley, celery, and chamomile tea. It’s a subject of increasing research interest due to its diverse biological activities and its potential benefits in preventing and managing a range of health conditions, from metabolic disorders to age-related diseases. | ||
Research on apigenin in the context of longevity focuses primarily on its ability to modulate several cellular pathways related to aging. Apigenin is studied for its potential to inhibit [[CD38]], an enzyme that consumes [[Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD)|NAD+]], a vital coenzyme in cellular energy metabolism and repair processes. | Research on apigenin in the context of longevity focuses primarily on its ability to modulate several cellular pathways related to aging. Apigenin is studied for its potential to inhibit [[CD38]], an enzyme that consumes [[Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD)|NAD+]], a vital coenzyme in cellular energy metabolism and repair processes. {{#pmid:23172919|pmid23172919}} By potentially maintaining or elevating NAD+ levels, apigenin could play a role in delaying the aging process and mitigating age-related declines in cellular function. Additionally, its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties contribute to its role in promoting cellular health and longevity. | ||
== Sources of Apigenin == | == Sources of Apigenin == | ||
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=== Common Foods === | === Common Foods === | ||
Apigenin is found in many fruits and vegetables, but [[wikipedia:Parsley|parsley]], [[wikipedia:Celery|celery]], [[wikipedia:Celeriac|celeriac]], and [[wikipedia:Chamomile|chamomile]] tea are the most common sources.<ref>[http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-compound-mediterranean-diet-cancer-cells.html The compound in the Mediterranean diet that makes cancer cells 'mortal'] Emily Caldwell, Medical Express, May 20, 2013.</ref> Apigenin is particularly abundant in the flowers of chamomile plants, constituting 68% of total [[wikipedia:Flavonoid|flavonoids]]. | Apigenin is found in many fruits and vegetables, but [[wikipedia:Parsley|parsley]], [[wikipedia:Celery|celery]], [[wikipedia:Celeriac|celeriac]], and [[wikipedia:Chamomile|chamomile]] tea are the most common sources.<ref>[http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-compound-mediterranean-diet-cancer-cells.html The compound in the Mediterranean diet that makes cancer cells 'mortal'] Emily Caldwell, Medical Express, May 20, 2013.</ref> Apigenin is particularly abundant in the flowers of chamomile plants, constituting 68% of total [[wikipedia:Flavonoid|flavonoids]].{{#pmid:26487830|pmid26487830"}} Dried parsley can contain about 45 [[wikipedia:Kilogram#SI_multiples|mg]] apigenin/gram of the herb, and dried chamomile flower about 3-5 mg/gram.{{#pmid:29399439|pmid29399439}} The apigenin content of fresh parsley is reportedly 215.5 mg/100 grams, which is much higher than the next highest food source, green celery hearts providing 19.1 mg/100 grams. <ref name="lpi-flav">{{cite web|last=Delage, PhD|first=Barbara|title=Flavonoids|url=http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/dietary-factors/phytochemicals/flavonoids|publisher=[[Linus Pauling Institute]], Oregon State University|location=Corvallis, Oregon|access-date=2021-01-26|date=November 2015}}</ref> | ||
=== Supplements === | === Supplements === | ||
For those seeking higher, more concentrated doses of Apigenin, supplements are available, usually in capsule or powder form. However, it's crucial to approach Apigenin supplementation with caution and ideally under professional guidance, considering the optimal dosage, purity, and potential interactions with medications or other supplements have not been fully established. Users are advised to opt for high-quality, tested products to minimize the risk of contaminants and to adhere to recommended dosages to avoid potential adverse effects. | For those seeking higher, more concentrated doses of Apigenin, supplements are available, usually in capsule or powder form. However, it's crucial to approach Apigenin supplementation with caution and ideally under professional guidance, considering the optimal dosage, purity, and potential interactions with medications or other supplements have not been fully established. Users are advised to opt for high-quality, tested products to minimize the risk of contaminants and to adhere to recommended dosages to avoid potential adverse effects. | ||
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[[Apigenin]] is not just a mere component of our diet; research has elucidated its diverse biological activities, depicting its significant role in promoting health and potentially extending lifespan through various mechanisms. | [[Apigenin]] is not just a mere component of our diet; research has elucidated its diverse biological activities, depicting its significant role in promoting health and potentially extending lifespan through various mechanisms. | ||
=== Antioxidant Properties === | === [[Antioxidant]] Properties === | ||
* '''Oxidative Stress Reduction:''' Apigenin has potent antioxidant properties, helping neutralize free radicals and reducing oxidative stress, a key contributor to aging and many chronic diseases. | * '''[[Oxidative Stress]] Reduction:''' Apigenin has potent antioxidant properties, helping neutralize free radicals and reducing oxidative stress, a key contributor to aging and many chronic diseases. | ||
* '''DNA Protection:''' By minimizing oxidative damage, Apigenin helps in maintaining the integrity of DNA, crucial for cellular function and longevity. | * '''DNA Protection:''' By minimizing oxidative damage, Apigenin helps in maintaining the integrity of DNA, crucial for cellular function and longevity. | ||
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=== Cardiovascular Health === | === Cardiovascular Health === | ||
* '''Cardiovascular Protection:''' The anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties of Apigenin are beneficial for cardiovascular health, potentially reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. | * '''Cardiovascular Protection:''' The anti-inflammatory and [[Antioxidant|antioxidative]] properties of Apigenin are beneficial for cardiovascular health, potentially reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. | ||
While the benefits of Apigenin are promising, it is crucial to acknowledge that many studies are in the preliminary stages, predominantly in vitro or animal-based. More comprehensive human clinical trials are needed to validate these findings, determine optimal dosages, and understand the long-term impacts and potential side effects of Apigenin intake. Additionally, further exploration is required to elucidate the full spectrum of Apigenin’s mechanisms of action and its role in health and longevity. | While the benefits of Apigenin are promising, it is crucial to acknowledge that many studies are in the preliminary stages, predominantly in vitro or animal-based. More comprehensive human clinical trials are needed to validate these findings, determine optimal dosages, and understand the long-term impacts and potential side effects of Apigenin intake. Additionally, further exploration is required to elucidate the full spectrum of Apigenin’s mechanisms of action and its role in health and longevity. | ||
== Safety and Dosage == | == Safety and Dosage == | ||
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== Research Limitations == | == Research Limitations == | ||
* The majority of the safety and efficacy data on Apigenin come from in vitro and animal studies, necessitating further human studies to confirm its safety profile and establish appropriate dosages for therapeutic uses. | * The majority of the safety and efficacy data on Apigenin come from in vitro and animal studies, necessitating further human studies to confirm its safety profile and establish appropriate dosages for therapeutic uses. | ||
== See Also == | |||
* [[Wikipedia:Apigenin|Wikipedia article]] | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Orally Consumable Longevity | [[Category:Orally Consumable Longevity Compounds]] | ||
[[Category:Antioxidant Compounds]] | |||