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Trimethylglycine (TMG): Difference between revisions

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Trimethylglycine (TMG) (view source)

Revision as of 11:54, 22 September 2023

133 bytes added ,  22 September 2023
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|Prevents hepatic fat accumulation in ALD
|Prevents hepatic fat accumulation in ALD
|Male Wistar rats; C57BL/6 mice; Balb/c mice
|Male [[Wistar rats]]; [[C57BL/6 mice]]; [[Balb/c mice]]
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|X
|X
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|Preserves/restores hepatic SAM: SAH ratios by regenerating SAM and lowering SAH and homocysteine levels in ALD
|Preserves/restores hepatic SAM: SAH ratios by regenerating SAM and lowering SAH and homocysteine levels in ALD
|Male Wistar rats; hepatocytes; male C57BL/6 mice
|Male [[Wistar rats]]; hepatocytes; male [[C57BL/6 mice]]
| X
| X
|X
|X
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|Restores activities of various liver methyltransferases (PEMT, ICMT, PIMT, PRMT) to increase phosphatidylcholine levels, preventing apoptosis and accumulation of damaged proteins, and restoring proteasome activity
|Restores activities of various liver methyltransferases (PEMT, ICMT, PIMT, PRMT) to increase phosphatidylcholine levels, preventing apoptosis and accumulation of damaged proteins, and restoring proteasome activity
|Male Wistar rats; hepatocytes
|Male [[Wistar rats]]; hepatocytes
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|X
|X
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|Suppresses the synthesis of DGAT2, a rate-limiting enzyme in triglyceride synthesis, by alleviating ERK1/2 inhibition in ALD
|Suppresses the synthesis of DGAT2, a rate-limiting enzyme in triglyceride synthesis, by alleviating ERK1/2 inhibition in ALD
|Male C57BL/6 mice
|Male [[C57BL/6 mice]]
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|X
|X
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|Upregulates antioxidant defense system and improves oxyradical scavenging activity in ALD
|Upregulates antioxidant defense system and improves oxyradical scavenging activity in ALD
|Male Wistar rats
|Male [[Wistar rats]]
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|X
|X
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|Prevents/attenuates ER stress in ALD
|Prevents/attenuates ER stress in ALD
| Male C57BL/6 mice
| Male [[C57BL/6 mice]]
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|X
|X
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| Exerts hepatoprotection by preserving mitochondrial function in ALD
| Exerts hepatoprotection by preserving mitochondrial function in ALD
|Male Wistar rats
|Male [[Wistar rats]]
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|X
|X
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|Prevents elevations of CD14, TNFα, COX2, GADD45β, LITAF, JAK3, TLR2, TLR4, IL1β, and PDCD4 and NOS2 mRNA levels in alcoholic liver injury
|Prevents elevations of CD14, TNFα, COX2, GADD45β, LITAF, JAK3, TLR2, TLR4, IL1β, and PDCD4 and NOS2 mRNA levels in alcoholic liver injury
|Male Wistar rats
|Male [[Wistar rats]]
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|X
|X
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|Prevents serum ALT and AST activity elevations in models of ALD and MAFLD
|Prevents serum ALT and AST activity elevations in models of ALD and MAFLD
|Male Wistar rats
|Male [[Wistar rats]]
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|X
|X
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|Reduces liver oxidant stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in MAFLD
|Reduces liver oxidant stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in MAFLD
| Male C57BL/6 mice
| Male [[C57BL/6 mice]]
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| X
| X
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|Remethylates homocysteine, protecting from oxidant stress and restoring phosphatidylcholine generation in MAFLD
|Remethylates homocysteine, protecting from oxidant stress and restoring phosphatidylcholine generation in MAFLD
|C57BL/6 mice
|[[C57BL/6 mice]]
|X
|X
|X
|X
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|Stimulates β-oxidation in livers of MCD diet-induced MAFLD
|Stimulates β-oxidation in livers of MCD diet-induced MAFLD
|Male Sprague-Dawley rats
|Male [[Sprague-Dawley rats]]
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|X
|X
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|Alleviates steatosis and increases autophagosomes numbers in mouse livers with MAFLD
|Alleviates steatosis and increases autophagosomes numbers in mouse livers with MAFLD
| Male C57BL/6 mice; rats
| Male [[C57BL/6 mice]]; rats
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|X
|X
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|Alleviates ROS-induced mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction in MAFLD
|Alleviates ROS-induced mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction in MAFLD
|Male Sprague-Dawley rats
|Male [[Sprague-Dawley rats]]
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|X
|X
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|Prevents adipose tissue dysfunction in ALD
|Prevents adipose tissue dysfunction in ALD
| Male C57BL/6 mice
| Male [[C57BL/6 mice]]
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|X
|X
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|Prevents the formation of Mallory–Denk bodies through epigenetic means by attenuating the decrease of MAT1A, SAHH, BHMT, and AMD1 expression
|Prevents the formation of Mallory–Denk bodies through epigenetic means by attenuating the decrease of MAT1A, SAHH, BHMT, and AMD1 expression
|C3H male mice
|Male [[C3H mice]]
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|X
|X
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|Enhances expression of PPARα and elevates fatty acid catabolism
|Enhances expression of PPARα and elevates fatty acid catabolism
|Male C57BL/6 and ApoE−/− mice
|Male [[C57BL/6 mice|C57BL/6]] and [[ApoE−/− mice]]
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|X
|X
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|Inhibits lipogenic activity in liver by activation of AMPK
|Inhibits lipogenic activity in liver by activation of AMPK
|ApoE−/− mice; Male C57BL/6 mice
|[[ApoE−/− mice]]; Male [[C57BL/6 mice]]
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|X
|X
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|Activates GI digestive enzymes and ameliorates intestinal morphology and microbiota dysbiosis
|Activates GI digestive enzymes and ameliorates intestinal morphology and microbiota dysbiosis
|Male Sprague Dawley rats
|Male [[Sprague Dawley rats]]
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|Attenuates alcoholic-induced pancreatic steatosis
|Attenuates alcoholic-induced pancreatic steatosis
|Male Wistar rats
|Male [[Wistar rats]]
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|X
|X
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|Associated with resilience to anhedonia and prevention of stress-related psychiatric disorders
|Associated with resilience to anhedonia and prevention of stress-related psychiatric disorders
|Male C57BL/6 mice
|Male [[C57BL/6 mice]]
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|Treats asthma-induced oxidative stress, thus improving airway function of lung tissue
|Treats asthma-induced oxidative stress, thus improving airway function of lung tissue
|BALB/C mice
|[[BALB/C mice]]
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|Protects against cadmium nephrotoxicity
|Protects against cadmium nephrotoxicity
|Male Wistar rats
|Male [[Wistar rats]]
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|X
|X
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|Protects against isoprenaline-induced myocardial dysfunction
|Protects against isoprenaline-induced myocardial dysfunction
|Male Wistar rats
|Male [[Wistar rats]]
|X
|X
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|Normalizes fetal growth and reduces adiposity of progeny from obese mice
|Normalizes fetal growth and reduces adiposity of progeny from obese mice
|C57BL/6J mice
|[[C57BL/6J mice]]
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