2023-08-24 - Interview Dr. David Sinclair - Moonshots with Peter Diamandis - Aging is Now Optional (Abundance360)

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    • In this episode, filmed during Abundance360, Peter and David discuss David’s groundbreaking research on reversing aging through epigenetic changes, emphasizing that aging is not just damage to the body but a loss of information. They talk about age reversal as a possibility, rejuvenating brains, and regaining lost memories.

    Transcript

    do you think there is an upper limit to

    human aging it's not even a question

    explain

    [Music]

    I thought that that wasn't fair to have

    Consciousness and to know that we're

    going to be sick and die and watch

    everyone else died I was inspired by my

    grandmother who told me that humans can

    do better my PhD supervisor said why

    would you go study aging it's not even a

    real science and thank goodness I didn't

    listen to him aging isn't just damage to

    the body like we wear out it's actually

    a loss of information there will be a

    day I believe where you'll be able to

    rejuvenate your brain and get back

    memories get your ability to learn again

    I'm no longer talking about slowing

    aging I'm talking about true age

    reversal multiple times there's a backup

    copy of information in every cell and

    that fact that there was a backup copy

    changes everything there is no law that

    says we must age remember that

    foreign

    [Music]

    welcome to moonshots and mindsets one of

    my favorite conversations from abundance

    360 this year was a fireside chat with

    Dr David Sinclair knowing around the

    world as one of the leading if not the

    leading thinker on age reversal and

    epigenetics David is a professor at

    Harvard Medical School who studies aging

    and Longevity he had just published a

    epic paper in cell about the work he's

    done over 13 years on how to accelerate

    aging from epigenetic changes and then

    reverse that aging in this segment we're

    going to be diving into the work that

    he's most recently done and where he

    thinks it's going

    you know uh I'm a fan of David a big fan

    I've donated to his lab I've written

    about his work in the book that I wrote

    with Tony Robbins called uh life force I

    promoted his book lifespan David

    Sinclair's book uh probably more than

    I've promoted my books he's one of the

    most exhilarating thinkers a dear and

    Beautiful Soul we're going to be

    visiting David during my longevity

    Platinum trip this coming August and

    going to his lab and I'll probably have

    a follow-on podcast when we dive into

    some of the deep science that he's doing

    he's an individual that during this

    conversation will answer the question is

    there an upper age to how long we live

    what is the latest on the epigenetic

    reprogramming that has been able to

    reverse the aging of tissues and he's

    someone with whom I'm working on a

    health span X prize super excited about

    this all right so settle in get ready

    what would you do with an extra 20 or 30

    years of a healthy lifespan

    you're about to find out enjoy this

    episode from my private Summit abundance

    360 with Dr David Sinclair welcome David

    thanks Peter thanks for having me back

    hi everyone

    um uh thank you to you and Serena for

    flying in from India it was a long

    flight how long was that

    I don't know

    too long

    uh well uh the topic of longevity has

    grown to uh one of Epic Proportions

    um and I think I want to hit on the

    point I made earlier uh the idea of

    human health span extension of age

    reversal was kind of a taboo subject a

    while ago wasn't it

    well not too long ago yeah when I

    started in this field in the early 90s

    it was considered the end of my career

    by many people so my PhD supervisor said

    why would you go study aging it's too

    complicated to understand it's not even

    a real science and thank goodness I

    didn't listen to him yeah

    so remember that for our students out

    there watching

    was it what what was it that got you

    um to move into that direction was it a

    personal passion was it an Inkling

    I was definitely more than an inkling

    and still is uh if any of you have read

    my book you'll know that it was um by

    the way how many folks up here have read

    lifespan yes thank you I appreciate that

    um

    and Peter I think you know the answer to

    the question that's why you asked it I

    uh

    I was inspired by my grandmother who

    told me that humans can do better and

    that's what I love about what Peter does

    here it's that's the vision it's that we

    can always do better there's a Bright

    Horizon that we need to get to we need

    to steer Humanity in that direction

    um I felt that way my whole life that's

    why we're friends uh among other reasons

    and uh so she said when I was four years

    old that everybody I knew in including

    my pets uh were gonna die and it's not

    going to be pretty

    um and then I'm gonna die and as a

    four-year-old that was a bit of a shock

    to be told that and we all we all learn

    this around the same age but we forget

    about it because it's too painful to

    live every day knowing that fact as

    sentient beings as conscious animals

    it's really a burden that we we bear

    and I also I thought that that wasn't

    fair to have Consciousness and to know

    that we're going to be sick and die and

    watch everyone else die

    that was the age four and then at age

    around 15 16 I thought this new

    technology called genetic engineering

    could actually tackle this problem in a

    way that had never been done before so I

    set my sights on that

    let's go to uh January 12th uh you

    published a paper and sell you published

    a few Landmark papers this one being

    amongst them

    that showed

    the ability to control aging using

    epigenetics in mammals

    just you know what were the major points

    of that paper because it definitely it

    cemented your your work and this this

    concept of the information a Theory of

    Aging

    yeah so the information Theory of Aging

    as it's called

    um I formulated when I was still in my

    20s I woke up in the middle of the night

    with this idea it I guess it was

    delivered to me by Muse's I wrote it

    down in in my notebook and I still have

    that notebook in my office and I've been

    going off that Playbook ever since and

    that's the idea that aging isn't just

    damage to the body like we wear out it's

    actually a loss of information that we

    inherited uh from our parents and built

    on during development

    and ye cells have that problem and we

    just finally published when was that 25

    years later that we mammals have the

    same issue and by understanding I think

    a large part of why we age we're able to

    control the aging process in a colony of

    mice driving them forwards and backwards

    in their age and making them get

    diseases

    um and now we're even reversing those

    that's spectacular so one of the

    questions we asked everybody when they

    walked in here was to put on their badge

    how old do you think you will live

    and uh you know I think the 90 had had

    120 or higher but I think what's

    happened to society has trained us to

    have certain expectations right you know

    if your parents or grandparents had made

    it to 75 or 80 you expect that and when

    you hear the oldest living human being

    is 122 123 you think okay there's a

    brick wall there

    um I one of the questions I'd love you

    to share when the answer to let you

    share is do you think there is an upper

    limit to human aging

    well I know there isn't you know there

    is not yeah yeah it's not even a

    question

    drop the mic moment

    let me explain

    uh that there are lots of reasons why I

    give that answer to me it's self-evident

    but uh for some people it isn't and

    there are critics of this idea that we

    can live beyond 120 but one of the best

    examples is

    uh that we've been able to extend the

    lifespan of every species that we've

    tried to extend the lifespan of and

    we're no different from those species

    that's point one

    um the second is that there are many

    species who are very similar to us

    genetically biologically that live a lot

    longer than we do uh the best example

    would be the bowhead whale but a lot of

    whales live longer than us and that you

    know they have children they're

    conscious they produce milk so we just

    need to mimic what they have that allows

    them to live so long and I think we have

    a much better idea now of how to do that

    and so yeah that there is no law that

    says we must age remember that

    so one of the things that's going on

    we've spent the last few days talking

    about uh massive advances in Ai and

    Quantum Computing and sensors networks

    big data and the realization is we're in

    a period of very hyper growth of these

    Technologies and

    um you know as Ray Kurzweil who will be

    speaking tomorrow morning talks about

    the bridge to a bridge that your job is

    not to live

    now to do something that's going to get

    you an extra 100 years it's to get you

    the next 10 healthy years to intercept

    those Technologies do you agree with the

    idea David I think you do but maybe your

    time frame is different that this next

    decade is very different than any time

    ever

    oh for sure

    uh so we're already many decades ahead

    of where I thought we would be

    technologically

    um from when I started I thought I was

    working to help my children and future

    children and uh and grandchildren but it

    turns out that the pace of Discovery has

    gone way faster and that's partly due to

    technology we can now do an experiment

    that analyzes billions of genes in the

    same time frame

    in a day that used to take us years of

    work and billions of dollars and that

    allows us to do very quick experiments

    the other thing that makes me super

    positive about this is that we've made a

    I think we've made a major breakthrough

    in our understanding of not just why we

    age but also how to control that process

    and the the turning point in my career

    was the discovery that there's a backup

    copy of information in every cell in

    every everybody's cells

    um and that that backup copy can be

    accessed and there's a switch that you

    can flip that allows cells to reset

    their biological age and function again

    as though they were young because

    literally they are young again and that

    fact that there is a backup copy changes

    everything

    we're no longer I'm no longer talking

    about slowing aging I'm talking about

    true age reversal multiple times and I

    don't get laughed off stage anymore when

    I say that

    you want to give it up for that

    I mean the idea

    that we we aren't uh

    tied to the tyranny of

    aging and death is extraordinary it

    changes everything everybody Peter

    demand is here uh I've been asked over

    and over again what do I do for my own

    health well I put it down in this book

    called Peter's longevity practices uh

    it's very readable in just an hour in

    the book I cover longevity diet exercise

    sleep my annual found upload meds and

    supplements longevity mindset it's

    literally consumable in just an hour's

    time hopefully to incentivize you to

    make a difference in your life to

    intercept the Technologies coming our

    way if you want this it's free just

    check out the link below and download it

    right now the evidence that you have for

    this backup copy there are a few things

    you speak about in your book and your

    podcast could you speak just a few

    examples there

    right let's see we've got some visuals

    we could call up actually

    so let's call up the the slide with the

    the four faces on it the top right on

    our guide here

    slide six I think it is yep that's a

    good one all right so uh let's do a show

    of hands uh so how many of you have

    heard of

    the epigenome or at least epigenetics

    hopefully everybody's raising your hands

    okay

    all right we're done

    they're all good students all right so

    the the concept is that what we've

    realized is that most of disease and

    disability is not driven by our genes

    it's actually controlled by the

    regulator of those genes which is the

    epigenome one of the best examples of

    that

    um are these people here so these are

    um individuals from two sets of twins

    these are in Denmark a very large study

    of Danish twins looking at the effects

    of genes versus environment or

    epigenetics which is what responds to

    the environment

    and so if we click the button forward

    once you'll see that the identical twin

    of these two individuals

    uh hopefully you can see looks a lot

    younger and is actually younger

    biologically we can now measure that

    and it turns out that by living a

    healthy lifestyle

    often you hear about doctors

    recommending these things we know a lot

    about how to slow down the aging process

    you don't just look younger you actually

    are biologically younger and that's why

    if you exercise you eat right you eat

    less often you take the right

    supplements you will be biologically

    younger and you will actually Stave off

    disease until much later so what does

    that actually mean if if we go back one

    slide the concept is information so the

    main type of information that we know

    about is the genome in the DNA

    but there's also another level of

    information that's just as important and

    even more complex that's the epigenome

    and those are the structures that

    control how the DNA is bundled and

    shaped and which genes out of the 25 000

    get turned on and off when we're forming

    an embryo

    um and we develop and those genes can be

    switched on and off depending on how we

    live if we put our bodies in a state of

    perceived adversity or adversity that

    isn't too damaging

    the epigenome will actually respond and

    be more stable

    so the idea is you want to stabilize

    your epigenome so that your cells

    remember how to function youthfully for

    longer the analogy as shown in this

    slide is a compact disc hopefully all of

    you remember what those things are

    fairly incredible technology you could

    fit about 20 songs on there

    um when I teach at Harvard the kids are

    like

    what are you talking about this is so if

    you're young it's like resetting a

    computer or pressing the buttons on the

    side of your iPhone uh so what the

    analogy is that the digital information

    is the is the DNA

    um and that's the music but you need to

    read it it's not just Pits on a on an

    um a metallic disk the epigenome is the

    equivalent of the reader of that

    information and the songs of the of the

    genes and aging I believe in our new

    paper presents very strong evidence this

    is the case that aging is the is akin to

    scratches on the CD so that the cells

    still have the music the genes but

    they're just not read correctly at the

    right time in the right place so that

    your cells forget how to work so we see

    that brain cells become more like skin

    cells and skin cells become more like

    kidney cells we become a melange instead

    of Highly differentiated functioning

    youthful cells and so that's the

    information Theory of Aging and what we

    found out in this paper is what drives

    that process in large part is broken DNA

    avoid x-rays CT scans if you can help it

    don't fly too much if you can help it

    yeah well don't do what I do and uh and

    live with ways that actually prevent

    those breaks because that disrupts the

    epigenome we showed but here's the cool

    point is that we've discovered you can

    polish off those scratches and get back

    the Beautiful music of cells and their

    youth

    so uh that's extraordinary there's a

    concept that has been talked about for

    some time of longevity escape velocity

    that there's a moment in time that for

    every year that you're alive science can

    extend your life for more than a year

    and I think the numbers that people talk

    about today is that we're for every four

    years we're adding a year of life

    where are you on this and where do you

    think what do you think will reach

    longevity escape velocity

    how far out are we

    uh well so the

    so we get about three months for every

    year we stay alive currently without

    breakthroughs like the one I'm talking

    about

    uh let me give you an update on where we

    are today please and whatever you're

    willing to say I know

    some of it's amazing uh

    the and we can extrapolate from here but

    remember it's not linear there's one

    thing you know from uh from this

    conference

    the the journey has been a rapid one we

    made this discovery that you can reset

    the age of cells human tissue Mouse

    tissue

    Living Mice

    um

    what is it now it's about five years ago

    it was published three years ago

    we started working on mice we reset the

    eyeballs of mice to be young again they

    got their Vision back that was the cover

    cover that got the cover of nature uh

    that's the December 2020. third row far

    right slide uh yeah we were very

    fortunate nature was bold enough to put

    the title turning back time on the cover

    of their magazine we're very honored by

    that and this is the paper that changed

    everything for my lab for my Outlook

    about aging

    and what we've done since then is we've

    we've formed a company called life

    biosciences and they've been pushing

    ahead for all those years

    we've done extensive studies in mice we

    needed to know if it was safe it's it's

    very safe we've never seen anything

    negative after years of work and driving

    this process we found that those three

    genes O S and K for short

    these are Gene Regulators that set off a

    Cascade of events during embryogenesis

    to make a young human

    turns out lucky for all of us I think is

    that those three genes also set back the

    clock in adult cells without causing

    tumors or any disease and without

    bringing them back so far that yeah lost

    identity and and this is the thing that

    that blows my mind is you'd think that

    if you just keep it on for a long time

    you'd go back to zero age zero which you

    don't want it's not true they go cells

    go back about 80 and stop there's a

    barrier that prevents them from going

    back to zero if we leave off that other

    Gene it's a gift to humanity for sure

    and uh so now we're at the point where

    we're conducting at life biosciences

    um a boston-based company uh non-human

    primates these are green monkey studies

    um I should say the reason that there's

    an iris on this cover is that we show

    that you could reverse blindness due to

    glaucoma and also old age by resetting

    the age of the retina back to Youth and

    those mice got their full vision back

    again so the think about this your body

    if this is true the body is

    looks old but it's actually it just

    needs to be reset so I don't think of an

    old person now as an old person I think

    it's just a body that needs to be reset

    polished

    so this is a big deal because I mean one

    of the critiques about uh the work that

    you and other individuals in this field

    have done is it's all done in mice you

    know that's great but we're humans you

    know mice get all the benefits but

    but non-human primates is a big deal we

    share 99.99 of our kinetic code with

    them we do and then and uh so I've I've

    had a sneak peek at the at the results

    and I would say things look rather

    promising at this point it's a big deal

    guys it's a very big deal

    I think

    and so it's my prediction that uh we'll

    be in the next 18 months or two years

    testing our first

    age reversal uh clinical trial in humans

    um to cure blindness and those studies

    are actually being planned right now and

    the material to do that is being

    manufactured

    how are you guys feeling about your

    longevity mindsets now

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    thank you all right let's get back to

    our episode you know we're going to be

    thank you we're going to be visiting

    your lab during the longevity Platinum

    trip in in August and September

    um how many graduate students do you

    have there what's the setup that you

    have that will be meeting

    uh yeah I don't know if you had this

    experience but every day I go into my

    lab and I'm surprised how small it is

    it's just

    like Elon Musk says if you have

    dedicated people who know really how to

    make a difference and look forward

    rather than today

    they can achieve anything and so I've

    got this small group of around 20

    bright-eyed young PhD students and

    postdocs who perform all this magic and

    uh it's a pretty small lab it's about a

    thousand square feet we do it all there

    and uh yeah it's a

    to me it's it's it's amazing to walk in

    there and I never get tired of showing

    people around because it's it's like

    magic you go in and you see um actually

    I think the next slide might be

    interesting click to the right and what

    you'll see is that we're now growing uh

    human brains have any of you seen to

    grow these organites probably many of

    you have seen this so on the left we

    have cerebral organoids grown from Human

    tissue we can now I think we're the only

    lab now that can make these brains get

    really old we can make them 70 years old

    within a matter of weeks now they they

    develop dementia we can measure that

    with these electrodes on the right we

    grow them on these little electrodes and

    then we can and we do we reverse the age

    of those little organoids and they get

    their thinking ability back whatever

    that is we do see the Electoral activity

    come back sometimes they grow little

    eyes as well it's kind of cool amazing

    uh but why why do we do that it's not

    just cool it actually tells us that the

    whole brain is reversible and we've

    actually done this now in mice we

    haven't published this so you've heard

    it here first that we can reverse the

    age of an old Mouse's brain so they have

    dementia we spend three weeks reversing

    the age of the brain we just give them

    an intravenous injection of our therapy

    turn it on for four weeks and those mice

    have a young brain and they have their

    ability to learn again so I imagine a

    day where we will have an infusion

    either in our eye or in our whole body

    and we just take a drug to turn those

    genes on we use doxycycline just your

    antibiotic that's a trigger for those

    the trigger we don't need an antibiotic

    it's not used as an antibiotic it's a on

    off switch but we can reset the body and

    so

    after the eye we're going to go after

    hearing and dementia yes and there will

    be a day I believe where you will be

    able to rejuvenate your brain and get

    back memories get your ability to learn

    again wow okay let's give it up for that

    I mean are you guys hearing the same

    thing

    I just want to jump up and down here I

    mean so I listen I

    I've asked recurs while I've asked

    George church and now I'm asking you uh

    this idea of a longevity

    um escape velocity Target date let me

    give you a couple of a couple of uh

    decades and tell me you know as a

    betting man under over within the next

    decade in the second decade in the third

    decade

    uh do you mean escape velocity or this

    thing so when will have the ability to

    go and get a a mechanism that will allow

    us to uh

    basically age in place or age in Reverse

    so that we're no longer you know if ever

    you're alive we're extending our

    lifespan for more than a year

    well it's it's already here it's just

    not available widely

    um it's already here ladies and

    gentlemen

    at least if you're a mouse well so I'm

    not I'm not talking about our therapy

    that one is that's hardcore that's a

    rocket versus the Wright brothers uh but

    there there are Technologies now that

    and and some published papers that are

    talking about like rapamycin uh

    rapamycin and combinations so great

    faith he has done good work and

    continues to do good work on uh

    combinations of molecules that have age

    reversal properties so I believe that

    there are already molecules and drugs

    that you can use to reset your age

    somewhat not go back to being 30 years

    old again if you're my age our ability

    in my lab and presumably scientists

    across the world if they're smart to use

    AI to answer questions that that we were

    not able to you know I I wake up and

    post Serena my partner who's here with

    me um knows that I read papers first

    thing in the morning uh usually and uh

    so that is a real tax on on my brain but

    I can only cover 100 papers this morning

    7 000 papers

    published in the Medical Science every

    day

    yeah it so that alone the ability to

    synthesize that every day would be great

    and it we're doing that now but just

    ability to ask AI how to

    find the best molecules that can mimic

    the osk gene therapy you can ask AI that

    you can get decent answers so we are

    going to have

    exponentially

    exponential increases in the pace of

    this field so it's not just AI helping

    us be superhuman it's also the funding

    level the amount of money that has gone

    into certain companies in this area

    since we published that paper in nature

    uh there's been investment

    um

    uh and Jeff Bezos the evolution I was

    showing them some of the companies

    earlier that are yeah capitalized and

    the reason is perhaps to State the

    obvious is that this is an area that's

    no longer the Backwater of biology it

    really it's pharmaceutical development

    and those that capture that land will be

    the dominant industry of this Century

    amazing

    um you know one of the points I remember

    in discussion with you and George Church

    was that

    it's likely that a real Rejuvenation uh

    therapeutic

    will if it works for one tissue and

    organ will work for the entire body

    that's also lucky but it's true that's

    what we find in animals now we haven't I

    haven't injected myself yet I'm probably

    not going to do that for a few years

    but in in mice uh I'm shocked that what

    works in the eye in the optic nerves the

    nerve cells works in the epithelial

    cells in the retina works in the outer

    layer of cells on the retina works in

    the kidney we just published the muscle

    if it works in all those different cell

    types I think it's a universal process

    of biology to be able to be reset and uh

    so that's why I'm not exaggerating when

    I think a whole body reset is coming

    amazing one of the things that we talk

    about on the on the longevity Platinum

    trips usually is this idea of Gene

    therapies using these basically these

    molecular robots the adeno-associated

    viruses and where you can Target your

    virus towards particular tissues

    well that's what we do we have a

    domesticated virus the aav which is

    already used and approved by the FDA our

    system is a little bit more advanced the

    one that we co-developed with George

    um and that is it's a two-part system

    where you need both system with both

    parts but it's also inducible so right

    now as far as I'm aware nobody else is

    developing a product for uh in the

    clinic that is has an on off switch I

    think that's important for two reasons

    to make that happen even though it's

    triply expensive can I just when you're

    as you're setting this up you're saying

    we're going to put these three genes

    the osk genes in all the cells in your

    body

    but we're going to have to turn it on

    otherwise it's inactive

    it starts out off correct yeah yeah and

    that's what we did in this paper in

    nature and this new one in cell is that

    we have Exquisite control over when

    these genes come on

    for safety reasons but also because we

    now know in the mice at least you can

    reset multiple times so that you'll have

    this treatment your body will be filled

    with these genes they'll be off and if

    we get sick or if we get injured or if

    we get too old we can take a course of

    an antibiotic for a couple of months and

    get reset every time or if we're in the

    emergency room they give you an infusion

    of Doxycycline on come these repair

    genes your nose regrow your spine

    regenerates Etc

    amazing

    amazing

    um you know Tony and I were blessed to

    be able to provide you you know to give

    you gift you a quarter million dollar

    donation for your lab

    um

    where are you what if you had a limited

    funding which hopefully you will you

    don't yet where would you be

    experimenting where would you be going

    next

    yeah I would put a lot of effort in the

    next generation of age reversal

    Technologies right now it's a gene

    therapy which means it's it's going to

    be expensive and hard to uh fulfill our

    dreams of changing Humanity that said

    um

    what we want to do is we want to turn

    those Gene therapies into

    a pill

    and so you can take a course of a pill

    and get the same effect

    and that's it's actually easier to

    distribute molecules than it is viruses

    so

    I would expand that group and Screen

    millions of molecules for those ones

    that in combination could be taken

    either you could have a Cosmetic Company

    you could have probably one of the

    biggest pharmaceutical companies that's

    an area I think is super important to

    get ahead of hey everybody this is Peter

    a quick break from the episode I'm a

    firm believer that science and

    technology and how entrepreneurs can

    change the world is the only real news

    out there worth consuming I don't watch

    the crisis News Network I call CNN or

    Fox and hear every devastating piece of

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    training my neural net the way I see the

    World by looking at the incredible

    breakthroughs in science and technology

    how entrepreneurs are solving the

    world's Grand challenges what the

    breakthroughs are in longevity how

    exponential Technologies are

    Transforming Our World so twice a week I

    put out a Blog one blog is looking at

    the future of longevity age reversal

    biotech increasing your health span the

    other blog looks at exponential

    Technologies AI 3D printing synthetic

    biology AR VR blockchain these

    Technologies are transforming what you

    as an entrepreneur can do if this is the

    kind of muse you want to learn about and

    shape your neural Nets with go to

    demandis.com backslash blog and learn

    more now back to the episode and one of

    the questions that people ask you and me

    all the time is is this just a treatment

    for the wealthy and we saw the study

    done by London School of Business Oxford

    Harvard that reducing age one year in

    the global population adds 38 trillion

    dollars a global economy so it really is

    an uplifting of humanity so uh

    you think we will get as we get to

    volume we will get to a point where this

    is accessible affordable and made

    available to everybody

    or I'll die trying or yeah that's the

    goal I'm really optimistic I I already

    have some molecules in the lab that show

    signs of age reversal

    um But there again you know I want to

    build a Concord real fast let's talk

    about a few of the molecules people have

    heard about where are we on nmn which

    you speak about elegantly in lifespan

    um and which has now entered uh some

    interesting human clinical trials in

    partnership with the with the military

    yeah that's right so NAD uh again a show

    of hands so I know where to pitch it and

    everybody knows of NAD now and and heard

    of nmn not M M's mmn uh great so most of

    you and you if you've read my book you

    certainly know so for those of you who

    don't know very briefly NAD is a

    molecule required for life it's one of

    the most abundant molecules in our body

    and we make less of it and Destroy more

    of it as we get older and uh this is a

    molecule behind me called nmn it's one

    of us a small group of chemicals that we

    make normally but but we can also eat we

    can swallow we can inject that raise

    those levels of NAD back to youthful

    levels and we've published that this

    molecule taken at a gram or two gram

    levels in humans just swallowed every

    day will double or triple your NAD

    levels which is good because

    that we once did so that's not just

    important because we lack energy without

    this molecule it's required for about

    500 chemical reactions in the body

    there's a second reason why NAD is

    important there are enzymes in our body

    that we've worked on my whole career

    called sirtuins that don't protect the

    body against aging unless they have NAD

    and as your levels go down your body

    doesn't fight aging as well and that's

    one of the reasons you get older faster

    as you get older right so we know our

    parents our grandparents fall off a

    cliff age-wise health-wise one of the

    reasons is our NAD levels fall

    exponentially so we can replenish that

    we've got clinical studies now that show

    that it's not just possible to raise NAD

    levels but but when you do that you have

    health improvements in humans these were

    studies out of Harvard she'll end up

    Basin is is the pi I should credit him I

    was not involved

    and so what they said was lowering of

    cholesterol lowering your blood pressure

    um looks a lot like we got in mice

    improved endurance so we're starting to

    to learn that what we saw in the mice

    which was

    and publish this but increased lifespan

    improve uh Health less Frailty

    protection from radiation which is why

    we should take these molecules while

    flying or taking an x-ray

    um long story short we're starting to

    see translation of what we discovered in

    mice occur in humans and there are over

    five or yeah I think we're starting our

    sixth human clinical trial with a

    version of nmn which is crystalline and

    and stabilize now I hope that that gets

    on the market because it does belong in

    the hands of doctors

    um sooner than later because I think

    that it'll be used widely for many

    diseases you might be wondering what are

    these five clinical trials they're if I

    can remember some of them uh kidney

    failure uh during covert

    um there's an endurance one from the

    military

    uh I get in trouble saying that a few

    years ago on Joe Rogan but now they

    publicize it so I'm okay telling you

    this is the special forces are using it

    to help measure increasing strength but

    also increasing cognitive Focus during

    periods of extreme activity right uh

    it's also uh being used for

    um uh what is it brain fog after surgery

    yeah and uh and also in a cancer trial

    so it's it's pretty Broad and I'm

    optimistic at least one of those is

    going to be successful again will the

    gentleman Ed shulock who runs this will

    be part of our longevity trip we'll be

    seeing uh it's a Metro biosciences is

    that company uh Metro biotech thank you

    biotech yes so it is meeting with that

    too we co-founded that company we both

    put our money into build it and uh

    and uh he's the chairman on the advice

    chairman of that and it's been a long

    study you know people have heard about

    NAD now

    we started this company about 11 years

    ago so I've been at it for a while

    finally now that we hope the FDA because

    it's being considered as a potential

    drug the FDA is looking to take it off

    as a supplement and until that study

    comes out is that where we are

    well so yeah there's a lot of rumors

    about that so here here are the facts so

    nmn has not been taken off the market

    um I don't think it will be

    um they're pressed this president

    president for that

    um the company metrobiotech did start

    clinical trials about six years ago with

    nmn and according to the Food and Drug

    the administration act uh if that

    happens then

    the FDA should not allow additional

    permits to sell a supplement of the same

    material now it's similar material it's

    not

    exactly the same but still the FDA came

    down with a ruling saying that it falls

    under that rule now I'm I want everybody

    to have access to anything I I'm all for

    health not not for profit as a primary

    goal

    um so I I'm hopeful that Enderman will

    stay on the market

    yeah I mean I know some people have

    gotten angry because they think I

    control that company I don't I'm not CEO

    I'm not the chairman

    um I wish that that was not the case and

    uh I think I've said publicly I know

    I've said publicly that I want everybody

    to have access to that

    uh let's hit on a few other quick things

    uh rapamycin yeah are you taking it

    uh on and off

    um

    yes I I'm taking six milligrams once a

    week

    um

    metformin

    yeah

    daily when I remember when you remember

    yes well Serena I'm sure is there to

    help out when she can uh you've gone

    vegan have you always been vegan no I

    was uh

    pseudo-mediterranean about two years ago

    and which I thought was healthy red wine

    cheese it was a great life but

    unfortunately I I was losing my memory

    uh and I I really wasn't that I mean I

    was about

    seven or eight years younger than my

    actual age according to inside tracker a

    testing company

    um I met Serena poon who's here in the

    audience who Peter's been referenced

    I've been referencing she's a among

    other things a nutritionist but also a

    longevity expert and a lot of things I

    don't know she does and one of those

    things is what to eat

    um so she turned me on to veganism now

    I would say I'm a struggling vegan I

    still have butter and milk occasionally

    I'll occasionally have some alcohol but

    I do try to be plant focused as much as

    I can and I do it turns out I love plant

    stuff I love hummus and baba ganoush and

    all that stuff so I don't just eat

    salads but what what surprised me when I

    switched to listen to Serena is that I

    measure myself in many ways as I think

    you all know I went back another two

    years in my biological age just in a

    couple of months after switching to that

    diet so I've been convinced now I think

    there are a lot of people who say well I

    gotta have my meat I've got my alcohol I

    would say just try to temper it

    especially the alcohol

    yeah my my father used to say Metron

    artist on everything in moderation talk

    about mitochondria I mean the PowerHouse

    uh you know the whole nmn NAD complex

    but

    um

    the number of mitochondria fall off as

    we age and the efficiency of them

    um what's that's one of the Hallmarks of

    Aging

    yeah it is so there are about a dozen

    Hallmarks now we keep adding on and

    these are really underlying causes of

    Aging mitochondrial dysfunction is one

    of them

    um though I think that epigenetic

    changes drive a lot of these including

    mitochondrial effects because when we

    reset the age of the cell the

    mitochondria get rejuvenated which is

    good news now these power packs decline

    in a man and boosters of NAD rejuvenate

    mitochondria and that's we've been shown

    to be highly beneficial in animals and

    knowing people and so one of the things

    that you want to do is make sure that

    your battery packs your mitochondria

    stay healthy and numerous and that's one

    of the reasons exercise and fasting are

    beneficial is that your body boosts the

    mitochondria and your fasting regime

    right now is it has it changed at all

    are you still one meal a day or are you

    I try I ate a little bit of lunch as you

    saw I I really try it Serena will tell

    you like pieces

    yeah you know it's really hard I agree

    that just having one meal a day

    um is a challenge I think it's okay if

    you're not perfect you I try to skip

    breakfast I try to skip lunch I'm not

    always successful but in general my

    average day looks like most of my

    calories are eaten within a six hour

    window and so I feel getting enough

    protein to keep your muscle mass we've

    talked a lot about the importance of

    muscle and reversing sarcopenia as we

    age yeah

    I do so I think if you if you don't pay

    attention to what you eat and you just

    eat lettuce leaves you're not going to

    do it but we're Serene and I are very

    careful we we focus on legumes and we we

    those plants that have high protein

    content and nutrition and that's the key

    you need to educate yourself on what to

    eat not just when to eat

    uh I think I promoted uh lifespan more

    than any of my own books it was just

    such a beautiful book you're very kind

    and I think it's important it's waking

    people up to the possibility to give

    them hope and to give them a mindset uh

    you have another book you're working on

    right when do we expect that what's it

    going to be about

    uh well also congrats on on your book

    life force so it's sold very well and I

    think deservedly so there's a whole

    chapter in the book that Tony and I

    wrote about

    David yeah well thank you again for that

    that was kind and if you haven't read

    live for us well worth it uh so yeah the

    book two is everything that you wanted

    to know that wasn't in lifespan will be

    in this one

    uh so I'm thinking about calling it

    lifespan too it's really a journey

    through second life through time that's

    a good one yeah a Journey Through Time

    looking at what makes us human what what

    are you know what's in our genetic

    makeup and our epigenetic makeup

    that we can learn from in how to live

    our lives through this tumultuous time

    where Society is trying to not just kill

    us but make us age rapidly

    um our lifestyles of sitting and eating

    and lack of exercise stress even social

    media is really bad

    these are things that put the body in a

    state of complacency and this book will

    be in the same way lifespan was the

    textbook this will be the guidebook of

    how to live in today's world and Beyond

    amazing

    um you know you pinned a tweet in which

    you talk about the factors that are

    counter to

    a longer healthier life smoking for sure

    that's the worst and the worst alcohol

    intake

    again new new data data says alcohol is

    worse than I even thought um so if you

    want your Resveratrol take the pill not

    the red wine definitely okay

    waist size

    what waste a waist size yeah so people

    who are overweight

    um have a in general an older epigenetic

    age than those who stay at a BMI between

    RC 21 and 24. so that's a fact so if you

    want to age slower maintain your BMI in

    what's considered a healthy range

    inflammatory CRP levels

    yep that's something that's yeah the

    underlying killer for so much for sure

    for sure and there are foods that you

    eat can that can be inflammatory uh for

    instance some of us are uh

    have a reaction to dairy or to certain

    grains be careful about that you don't

    want that your gut is very important for

    inflammation you don't want bacteria

    getting into your gut lodging in your

    bloodstream or in your brain that can

    cause these diseases that we all know of

    so yeah keep inflammation low and one of

    the best ways to do that is to uh

    not just eat well but also make sure

    that you're not allergic to things in

    your environment and you can do blood

    tests to make sure that it's not

    happening

    David it's an honor to call you as a

    friend

    I'm grateful to have you here thank you

    for all you're doing likewise sir thank

    you sir let's give it up for David

    Sinclair foreign

    [Music]

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