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Neurological Disorders: Difference between revisions
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== Common Neurological Disorders == | == Common Neurological Disorders == | ||
* '''Stroke''' | * '''Stroke:''' Occurs when there is a loss of blood flow to a part of the brain, resulting in tissue damage and loss of function in the affected area. | ||
* '''Alzheimer's Disease:''' | * '''Alzheimer's Disease:''' A progressive degenerative disease that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. | ||
* '''Epilepsy:''' | * '''Epilepsy:''' Characterized by recurrent seizures, which are sudden bursts of electrical activity in the brain that temporarily affect how it works. | ||
* '''Migraine:''' | * '''Migraine:''' A type of headache associated with sensory disturbances, often a chronic condition with recurrent episodes. | ||
* '''Parkinson's Disease:''' A degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that often impairs motor skills, speech, and other functions. | |||
* '''Multiple Sclerosis (MS):''' An autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the protective sheath (myelin) that covers nerve fibers, causing communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body. | |||
* '''Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS):''' Also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, it affects nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord, causing loss of muscle control. | |||
* '''Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI):''' Caused by a blow to the head or a penetrating head injury that disrupts the normal function of the brain. | |||
* '''Spinal Cord Injury:''' Damage to any part of the spinal cord or nerves at the end of the spinal canal, often causing permanent changes in strength, sensation, and other body functions below the site of the injury. | |||
* '''Peripheral Neuropathy:''' A result of damage to the peripheral nerves, often causing weakness, numbness, and pain, usually in the hands and feet. | |||
* '''Bell's Palsy:''' A sudden weakness in the muscles on one half of the face, resulting in a drooping appearance. | |||
* '''Guillain-Barré Syndrome:''' A rare disorder where the body's immune system attacks the peripheral nerves. | |||
* '''Cerebral Palsy:''' A group of disorders that affect movement and muscle tone or posture, caused by damage that occurs to the immature brain as it develops, most often before birth. | |||
* '''Huntington's Disease:''' A genetic disorder causing the progressive breakdown (degeneration) of nerve cells in the brain. | |||
* '''Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy:''' A genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and weakness due to alterations of a protein called dystrophin that helps keep muscle cells intact. | |||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||