Astaxanthin: Difference between revisions

'''Astaxanthin''' is a keto-carotenoid within a group of chemical compounds known as terpenes.<ref name="Margalith">{{cite journal|pmid=10341427|year=1999|last1=Margalith|first1=P. Z.|title=Production of ketocarotenoids by microalgae|journal=Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology|volume=51|issue=4|pages=431–8|doi=10.1007/s002530051413|s2cid=123858}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/jo050101l|pmid=15823009|title=Efficient Syntheses of the Keto-carotenoids Canthaxanthin, Astaxanthin, and Astacene|journal=The Journal of Organic Chemistry|volume=70|issue=8|pages=3328–31|year=2005|last1=Choi|first1=Seyoung|last2=Koo|first2=Sangho}}</ref> Astaxanthin is a metabolite of zeaxanthin and canthaxanthin, containing both hydroxyl and ketone functional groups. It is a lipid-soluble pigment with red coloring properties, which result from the extended chain of conjugated (alternating double and single) double bonds at the center of the compound. The presence of the hydroxyl functional groups and the hydrophobic hydrocarbons render the molecule amphiphilic.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Ahirwar|first1=Ankesh|title=Light modulates transcriptomic dynamics upregulating astaxanthin accumulation in Haematococcus: A review|journal=Bioresource Technology|date=3 August 2021|volume=340|page=125707|doi=10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125707|pmid=34371336|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960852421010488|access-date=15 November 2023}}</ref>