Apoptosis: Difference between revisions

'''Apoptosis''' is a form of [[wikipedia:Programmed_cell_death|programmed cell death]] that occurs in [[wikipedia:Multicellular_organism|multicellular organisms]] and in some eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms such as [[wikipedia:Yeast|yeast]].<ref>{{cite book|vauthors=Green D|title=Means to an End: Apoptosis and other Cell Death Mechanisms|year=2011|publisher=Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press|location=Cold Spring Harbor, NY|isbn=978-0-87969-888-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s8jBcQAACAAJ|access-date=2020-05-25|archive-date=2020-07-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726071718/https://books.google.com/books?id=s8jBcQAACAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref> [[wikipedia:Biochemistry|Biochemical]] events lead to characteristic cell changes ([[wikipedia:Morphology_(biology)|morphology]]) and death.{{pmid|14499155}} These changes include [[wikipedia:Bleb_(cell_biology)|blebbing]], [[wikipedia:Plasmolysis|cell shrinkage]], [[wikipedia:Karyorrhexis|nuclear fragmentation]], [[wikipedia:Pyknosis|chromatin condensation]], [[wikipedia:Apoptotic_DNA_fragmentation|DNA fragmentation]], and [[wikipedia:MRNA|mRNA]] decay. The average adult human loses between 50 and 70 [[wikipedia:1,000,000,000|billion]] cells each day due to apoptosis. That is around 0.5% of the 13 [[Wikipedia:1,000,000,000,000|trillion]] cells of an average human adult. For an average human child between eight and fourteen years old, each day the approximate lost is 20 to 30 billion cells.<ref>{{cite book|vauthors=Karam JA|title=Apoptosis in Carcinogenesis and Chemotherapy|year=2009|publisher=Springer|location=Netherlands|isbn=978-1-4020-9597-9}}</ref>