2,851
edits
Caloric Restriction: Difference between revisions
→Genetic Variations
| Line 27: | Line 27: | ||
In animal models, some physiological and metabolic traits, especially lifespan, are strongly affected by genetic backgrounds and variations as well as non-genetic factors such as symbiotic microbiome and water balance{{pmid|28220799}}. | In animal models, some physiological and metabolic traits, especially lifespan, are strongly affected by genetic backgrounds and variations as well as non-genetic factors such as symbiotic microbiome and water balance{{pmid|28220799}}. | ||
When a collection of recombinant inbred mouse strains were tested for lifespan under ad libitum diet and | When a collection of recombinant inbred mouse strains were tested for lifespan under ad libitum diet and caloric restriction (40% reduction compared to ad libitum diet) diet, a wide range of lifespan responses were observed in both ad libitum and caloric restriction diets{{pmid|19878144}}{{pmid|23562825}}. For example, the mean lifespan of female mice on ad libitum diet varied from 407 to 1208 days. Strikingly, their lifespans on CR diet varied to a greater degree from 113 to 1225 days. Importantly, not only did CR fail in lifespan extension in some lines, but it even shortened lifespan in some lines too{{pmid|19878144}}. | ||
Similarly, a strong variation in lifespan response to diets was observed when a collection of nearly 200 genetically distinct lines of Drosophila (DGRP: Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel) tested for lifespan in ad libitum (5% Yeast) and | Similarly, a strong variation in lifespan response to diets was observed when a collection of nearly 200 genetically distinct lines of Drosophila (DGRP: Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel) tested for lifespan in ad libitum (5% Yeast) and caloric restriction (0.5% Yeast){{doi|10.2139/ssrn.3420829|Wilson, Kenneth Anthony and Beck, Jennifer and Nelson, Christopher S. and Hilsabeck, Tyler A. and Promislow, Daniel and Brem, Rachel B. and Kapahi, Pankaj, Genome-Wide Analyses for Lifespan and Healthspan in D. Melanogaster Reveal Decima as a Regulator of Insulin-Like Peptide Production (July 16, 2019)}}. In both cases, lifespan response also significantly varied between males and females{{pmid|19878144}}{{doi|10.2139/ssrn.3420829|Wilson, Kenneth Anthony and Beck, Jennifer and Nelson, Christopher S. and Hilsabeck, Tyler A. and Promislow, Daniel and Brem, Rachel B. and Kapahi, Pankaj, Genome-Wide Analyses for Lifespan and Healthspan in D. Melanogaster Reveal Decima as a Regulator of Insulin-Like Peptide Production (July 16, 2019)}}, generating a further layer of complication in understanding the mechanisms of caloric restriction. A simple interpretation of these animal studies would suggest that a certain type of caloric restriction may not be beneficial, but they can be even deleterious depending on genetic variations and sex{{pmid|30442801}}. Therefore, for human applications of caloric restriction, it is suggested that individualized genomics and medicine should be established first to take full advantage of caloric restriction.{{pmid|32344591}} | ||
==Effects in Humans== | ==Effects in Humans== | ||