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Bioavailability: Difference between revisions
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where AUC<sub>test</sub> and AUC<sub>ref</sub> are the [[Area Under the Curve (AUC)|areas under the curve]] for the test and reference formulations, respectively, and Dose is the dose for each. | where AUC<sub>test</sub> and AUC<sub>ref</sub> are the [[Area Under the Curve (AUC)|areas under the curve]] for the test and reference formulations, respectively, and Dose is the dose for each. | ||
==Factors Affecting Bioavailability== | |||
Bioavailability of oral drugs or bioactive food components is influenced by several key stages: liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination. The equation representing bioavailability (F) is: | |||
:<math>F = F_C \times F_B \times F_A \times F_M</math> | |||
Where: | |||
*'''F<sub>C</sub>''' is the fraction of a micronutrient acting as an active ingredient when orally ingested. | |||
*'''F<sub>B</sub>''', or bio-accessibility, is the portion released from the food product and dissolved in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) liquids. | |||
*'''F<sub>A</sub>''', the absorption fraction, is the amount transported through the intestinal cavity. | |||
*'''F<sub>M</sub>''' represents the metabolism, the fraction acting as a bioactive form after GIT alterations, including enzymatic activity, liver metabolism, and systemic circulation. | |||
These stages are influenced by the chemical breakdown of bioactive elements during processing, manufacture, storage, and transport, as well as interactions within the GIT. | |||
==Improving Bioavailability== | ==Improving Bioavailability== | ||