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Caloric Restriction: Difference between revisions
→Effects in Different Organisms
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==Effects in Different Organisms== | ==Effects in Different Organisms== | ||
[[File:Caloric restriction 02.png|thumb|Effects of calorie restriction on the survival rate of laboratory mice (CR=Calorie Restriction).{{pmid|3958810}}]][[File:Drosophila melanogaster - side (aka).jpg|thumb|Calorie restriction can significantly increase the lifespan of the fruit fly (''Drosophila melanogaster'').]]Calorie restriction has been studied in [[Model Organism|model organisms]] such as [[Yeast (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae)]],{{pmid|11000115}}{{pmid|12124627}} the nematode ''[[Caenorhabditis elegans]]'',{{pmid|9789046}} | [[File:Caloric restriction 02.png|thumb|Effects of calorie restriction on the survival rate of laboratory mice (CR=Calorie Restriction).{{pmid|3958810}}]][[File:Drosophila melanogaster - side (aka).jpg|thumb|Calorie restriction can significantly increase the lifespan of the fruit fly (''Drosophila melanogaster'').]]Calorie restriction has been studied in [[Model Organism|model organisms]] such as [[Yeast (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae)]],{{pmid|11000115}}{{pmid|12124627}} the nematode ''[[Caenorhabditis elegans]]'',{{pmid|9789046}} [[Fruit Flies (Drosophila Melanogaster)]],{{pmid|16000018}} [[Mice (Mus Musculus)]],{{pmid|3958810}} [[Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)]],<ref>C. M. McCay und M. F. Crowell: ''Prolonging the Life Span''. In: ''The Scientific Monthly'' 39, 1934, S. 405–414; {{JSTOR|15813}}.</ref> [[Domestic dog|Dogs]]{{pmid|1806283}} and non-human [[Primates]].{{pmid|12424798}}{{pmid|10630588}}{{pmid|8994305}} | ||
In many species, not only is the average lifespan of the test animals increased, but also their maximum lifespan. The frequency of age-related diseases correspondingly decreases.{{pmid|18729811}} The effect of an increase in maximum life expectancy occurs in rodents both when starting the diet in the early life phase (1st to 3rd month), and in the middle life phase (12th month).{{pmid|12424798}}{{pmid|10630588}} However, if calorie restriction is started in a later life phase of the test animals, such as in the 17th or 24th month of mice, the effect reverses and the lifespan of the test animals is shortened.{{pmid|12586746}} | In many species, not only is the average lifespan of the test animals increased, but also their maximum lifespan. The frequency of age-related diseases correspondingly decreases.{{pmid|18729811}} The effect of an increase in maximum life expectancy occurs in rodents both when starting the diet in the early life phase (1st to 3rd month), and in the middle life phase (12th month).{{pmid|12424798}}{{pmid|10630588}} However, if calorie restriction is started in a later life phase of the test animals, such as in the 17th or 24th month of mice, the effect reverses and the lifespan of the test animals is shortened.{{pmid|12586746}} | ||