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Caloric Restriction: Difference between revisions
→Reduction of Oxidative Stress
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=== Reduction of Oxidative Stress === | === Reduction of Oxidative Stress === | ||
There are indications that oxidative stress is reduced by decreased food intake, thereby delaying primary aging. Primary aging is the process in cells and organs that defines the maximum lifespan in the absence of diseases (inevitable aging). Secondary aging is determined by external factors such as diseases, environmental factors, lifestyle, and physical activity (avoidable aging).<ref name="Tostlebe2005">M. Tostlebe: [http://d-nb.info/978638670/34 ''Disproportionalität der Aktivitäten der mitochondrialen Atmungskettenkomplexe im Myokard und in der Skelettmuskulatur im Alter.''] Dissertation, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 2005.</ref> Oxidative stress primarily occurs in the mitochondria, the powerhouses of the cells.<ref name="PMID19549533"> | There are indications that oxidative stress is reduced by decreased food intake, thereby delaying primary aging. Primary aging is the process in cells and organs that defines the maximum lifespan in the absence of diseases (inevitable aging). Secondary aging is determined by external factors such as diseases, environmental factors, lifestyle, and physical activity (avoidable aging).<ref name="Tostlebe2005">M. Tostlebe: [http://d-nb.info/978638670/34 ''Disproportionalität der Aktivitäten der mitochondrialen Atmungskettenkomplexe im Myokard und in der Skelettmuskulatur im Alter.''] Dissertation, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 2005.</ref> Oxidative stress primarily occurs in the mitochondria, the powerhouses of the cells.<ref name="PMID19549533">PMID 19549533.</ref><ref name="PMID19634782">PMID 19634782.</ref> In some mouse strains, the effect of calorie restriction can be partially induced by [[Resveratrol]].<ref name="PMID 25824609">PMID 25824609.</ref> In yeasts, the protein ''Rim15'', a glucose-inhibited protein kinase, acts as a sensor of nutrient concentrations as well as the initiator of Meiosis and is necessary for lifespan extension in yeasts.<ref>PMID 24706810</ref> However, a meta-analysis also reported that caloric restriction – contrary to previous results – does not lead to lifespan extension in yeasts, but the results in yeasts are partly based on methodological artifacts.<ref>25071164</ref> | ||
===Hormesis=== | ===Hormesis=== | ||