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=== The Nine Hallmarks of Aging (2013) === | === The Nine Hallmarks of Aging (2013) === | ||
The nine hallmarks of aging were originally conceptualized by López-Otín and colleagues in 2013{{pmid|23746838}}. Since that it has served as a foundational paradigm for aging research for a decade until it has been revised in 2022. The original 9 landmarks were defined as follows: | |||
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=== The 14 Hallmarks of Aging (2022) === | === The 14 Hallmarks of Aging (2022) === | ||
While these nine hallmarks have significantly advanced our understanding of aging and its relation to age-related diseases, recent critiques and evolving scientific evidence have prompted the scientific community to reconsider and expand this framework.{{pmid|34271186}} | |||
To address this, a symposium titled “New Hallmarks of Ageing” was held in Copenhagen on March 2022, where leading experts gathered to discuss potential additions and recontextualizations of these aging hallmarks. The symposium highlighted the critical need for an expanded, inclusive paradigm that encompasses newly identified processes contributing to aging. The discussions suggested the integration of five additional hallmarks such as compromised autophagy, dysregulation in RNA splicing, inflammation, loss of cytoskeleton integrity, and disturbance of the microbiome. These potential new hallmarks, along with the original nine, underscore a more comprehensive understanding of the aging process, acknowledging its multifaceted nature and its profound implications for human health and longevity.{{pmid|36040386}} | To address this, a symposium titled “New Hallmarks of Ageing” was held in Copenhagen on March 2022, where leading experts gathered to discuss potential additions and recontextualizations of these aging hallmarks. The symposium highlighted the critical need for an expanded, inclusive paradigm that encompasses newly identified processes contributing to aging. The discussions suggested the integration of five additional hallmarks such as compromised autophagy, dysregulation in RNA splicing, inflammation, loss of cytoskeleton integrity, and disturbance of the microbiome. These potential new hallmarks, along with the original nine, underscore a more comprehensive understanding of the aging process, acknowledging its multifaceted nature and its profound implications for human health and longevity.{{pmid|36040386}} |