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Hallmarks of Aging: Difference between revisions

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| rowspan="5" style="background-color:hsla(195, 100%, 85%);" |'''Molecular<br>Level'''
| rowspan="5" style="background-color:hsla(195, 100%, 85%);" |'''Molecular<br>Level'''
| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:DNA Structure+Key+Labelled.pn NoBB.png|frameless|76x76px]]
| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:DNA Structure+Key+Labelled.pn NoBB.png|frameless|76x76px]]
| style="background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |'''Genomic instability'''
| style="background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |'''[[Genomic Instability|Genomic instability]]'''
| style="background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |Accumulation of DNA damage over time leading to cellular dysfunction.
| style="background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |Accumulation of DNA damage over time leading to cellular dysfunction.
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| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Telomeres transparent.png|frameless|88x88px]]
| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Telomeres transparent.png|frameless|88x88px]]
| style="background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |'''Telomere attrition'''
| style="background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |'''[[Telomere Attrition|Telomere attrition]]'''
| style="background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |Reduction in the length of telomeres leading to cellular aging.
| style="background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |Reduction in the length of telomeres leading to cellular aging.
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|2013
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| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Epigenome-transparent-upscale.png|frameless|85x85px]]
| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Epigenome-transparent-upscale.png|frameless|85x85px]]
| style="background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |'''Epigenetic alterations'''
| style="background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |'''[[Epigenetic Alterations|Epigenetic alterations]]'''
| style="background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |Changes in DNA methylation and histone modification affecting gene expression.
| style="background-color:hsla(180, 100%, 85%);" |Changes in DNA methylation and histone modification affecting gene expression.
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|2013
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| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(210, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Stress signaling.png|frameless|95x95px]]
| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(210, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Stress signaling.png|frameless|95x95px]]
| style="background-color:hsla(210, 100%, 85%);" |'''Loss of proteostasis'''
| style="background-color:hsla(210, 100%, 85%);" |'''[[Loss of Proteostasis|Loss of proteostasis]]'''
| style="background-color:hsla(210, 100%, 85%);" |Disruption in protein folding and stability leading to cell damage.
| style="background-color:hsla(210, 100%, 85%);" |Disruption in protein folding and stability leading to cell damage.
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|2013
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| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(210, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Macro-micro-autophagy.gif|frameless|101x101px]]
| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(210, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Macro-micro-autophagy.gif|frameless|101x101px]]
| style="background-color:hsla(210, 100%, 85%);" |'''Disabled macroautophagy'''
| style="background-color:hsla(210, 100%, 85%);" |'''[[Disabled Macroautophagy|Disabled macroautophagy]]'''
| style="background-color:hsla(210, 100%, 85%);" | Impaired cellular maintenance through the consumption of own components.
| style="background-color:hsla(210, 100%, 85%);" | Impaired cellular maintenance through the consumption of own components.
|2021{{pmid|34563704}}
|2021{{pmid|34563704}}
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| rowspan="7" style="background-color:hsla(15, 100%, 85%);" |'''Cellular &<br>Organismal<br>Level'''
| rowspan="7" style="background-color:hsla(15, 100%, 85%);" |'''Cellular &<br>Organismal<br>Level'''
| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(0, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Aiga restaurant knife-fork crossed.png|frameless|75x75px]]
| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(0, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Aiga restaurant knife-fork crossed.png|frameless|75x75px]]
| style="background-color:hsla(0, 100%, 85%);" |'''Deregulated nutrient sensing'''
| style="background-color:hsla(0, 100%, 85%);" |'''[[Deregulated Nutrient Sensing|Deregulated nutrient sensing]]'''
| style="background-color:hsla(0, 100%, 85%);" | Alterations in nutrient sensing pathways affecting metabolism and aging.
| style="background-color:hsla(0, 100%, 85%);" | Alterations in nutrient sensing pathways affecting metabolism and aging.
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| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(0, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Mitochondrion mini.svg|frameless|92x92px]]
| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(0, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Mitochondrion mini.svg|frameless|92x92px]]
| style="background-color:hsla(0, 100%, 85%);" |'''Mitochondrial dysfunction'''
| style="background-color:hsla(0, 100%, 85%);" |'''[[Mitochondrial Dysfunction|Mitochondrial dysfunction]]'''
| style="background-color:hsla(0, 100%, 85%);" | Decrease in mitochondrial efficiency and increase in oxidative stress.
| style="background-color:hsla(0, 100%, 85%);" | Decrease in mitochondrial efficiency and increase in oxidative stress.
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|2013
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| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Stem cell differentiation.svg|frameless|106x106px]]
| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Stem cell differentiation.svg|frameless|106x106px]]
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |'''Stem cell exhaustion'''
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |'''[[Stem Cell Exhaustion|Stem cell exhaustion]]'''
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |Decline in the regenerative capacity of stem cells affecting tissue repair.
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |Decline in the regenerative capacity of stem cells affecting tissue repair.
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| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:202004 Gut microbiota.svg|frameless|75x75px]]
| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:202004 Gut microbiota.svg|frameless|75x75px]]
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |'''Dysbiosis'''
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |'''[[Dysbiosis (Microbiome Disturbance)|Dysbiosis]]'''
'''(Microbiome disturbance)'''
'''[[Dysbiosis (Microbiome Disturbance)|(Microbiome disturbance)]]'''
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |Changes in gut microbiome affecting health and aging.
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |Changes in gut microbiome affecting health and aging.
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| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Histopathology of acute and chronic inflammation of the gastro-esophageal junction, annotated.jpg|frameless|75x75px]]
| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Histopathology of acute and chronic inflammation of the gastro-esophageal junction, annotated.jpg|frameless|75x75px]]
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |'''Chronic inflammation'''
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |'''[[Chronic Inflammation (Inflammaging)|Chronic inflammation]]'''
'''(Inflammaging)'''
'''[[Chronic Inflammation (Inflammaging)|(Inflammaging)]]'''
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |Systemic inflammation contributing to aging and related diseases.
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |Systemic inflammation contributing to aging and related diseases.
|2023{{pmid|37329949}}
|2023{{pmid|37329949}}
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| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Forms of Cell Signaling.png|frameless|75x75px]]
| style="text-align:center; background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |[[File:Forms of Cell Signaling.png|frameless|75x75px]]
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |'''Altered intercellular communication'''
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |'''[[Altered Intercellular Communication|Altered intercellular communication]]'''
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |Changes in cellular communication leading to inflammation and tissue dysfunction.
| style="background-color:hsla(30, 100%, 85%);" |Changes in cellular communication leading to inflammation and tissue dysfunction.
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|2013
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