Brain Aging: Difference between revisions

At the molecular level, brain aging, similarly to all other organ systems, is characterized by changes in gene expression, [[Epigenetic Alterations|epigenetic modifications]], and [[Loss of Proteostasis|alterations in protein synthesis]] and turnover. It is also associated with the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates, such as β-amyloid and tau, which can disrupt neuronal function and contribute to the development of [[Neurodegenerative Disorders|neurodegenerative diseases]].{{pmid|34118939}}{{pmid|34485280}} At the cellular level, brain aging is characterized by the accumulation of cell damage, including oxidative stress, DNA damage, and protein misfolding. This damage can lead to the dysfunction and death of brain cells, including neurons and glia. Studies have shown that dendritic arbors and spines decrease in size and/or number in cortex as a result of aging.{{pmid|12902394}}{{pmid|23069756}} Aging also sets off a decline in the regenerative capacity of brain cells, such as decreased neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis.{{pmid|33732142}}{{pmid|25205996}}