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Resveratrol/en: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Resveratrol molecule spacefill from xtal.png|right|frameless|alt=Space-filling model of the resveratrol molecule]] | [[File:Resveratrol molecule spacefill from xtal.png|right|frameless|alt=Space-filling model of the resveratrol molecule]] | ||
[[File:Resveratrol.svg|right|frameless|alt=Skeletal formula of trans-resveratrol]] | [[File:Resveratrol.svg|right|frameless|alt=Skeletal formula of trans-resveratrol]] | ||
'''Resveratrol''' is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound that has garnered significant attention in the scientific community for its potential role in promoting human longevity and healthspan. This compound is found in various plants, where it acts as a line of defense against stressors such as infection or ultraviolet radiation. For that reason, it is considered as an [[Xenohormesis|xenohormetic compound]]. | '''Resveratrol''' is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound that has garnered significant attention in the scientific community for its potential role in promoting human longevity and healthspan. This compound is found in various plants, where it acts as a line of defense against stressors such as infection or [[UV Radiation|ultraviolet radiation]]. For that reason, it is considered as an [[Xenohormesis|xenohormetic compound]]. | ||
Resveratrol is a type of natural phenol, and a phytoalexin produced by several plants in response to injury or when the plant is under attack by pathogens such as bacteria or fungi. Its molecular formula is C₁₄H₁₂O₃, and it belongs to a class of compounds known as stilbenes. | Resveratrol is a type of natural phenol, and a phytoalexin produced by several plants in response to injury or when the plant is under attack by pathogens such as bacteria or fungi. Its molecular formula is C₁₄H₁₂O₃, and it belongs to a class of compounds known as stilbenes. | ||
The potential of resveratrol to impact longevity stems from its ability to modulate several biological pathways that are implicated in the aging process. It is renowned for its [[Antioxidant|antioxidant]] and anti-inflammatory properties, which can mitigate the damaging effects of oxidative stress and inflammation, two key contributors to aging and age-related diseases. Additionally, resveratrol is known to activate sirtuins, a family of proteins that play a crucial role in cellular health and longevity. | The potential of resveratrol to impact longevity stems from its ability to modulate several biological pathways that are implicated in the aging process. It is renowned for its [[Antioxidant|antioxidant]] and anti-inflammatory properties, which can mitigate the damaging effects of [[Oxidative Stress|oxidative stress]] and inflammation, two key contributors to aging and age-related diseases. Additionally, resveratrol is known to activate [[Sirtuins|sirtuins]], a family of proteins that play a crucial role in cellular health and longevity. | ||
== Historical Context == | == Historical Context == | ||
Resveratrol was first identified in 1939 by Michio Takaoka from the roots of the white hellebore (''Veratrum grandiflorum''). However, it gained significant attention in the 1990s when its presence was discovered in red wine, suggesting a possible explanation for the French Paradox – the observation that French people have a relatively low incidence of coronary heart disease, despite having a diet rich in saturated fats. | Resveratrol was first identified in 1939 by Michio Takaoka from the roots of the white hellebore (''Veratrum grandiflorum''). However, it gained significant attention in the 1990s when its presence was discovered in red wine, suggesting a possible explanation for the French Paradox – the observation that French people have a relatively low incidence of coronary heart disease, despite having a diet rich in saturated fats. | ||
The early studies primarily focused on the [[Antioxidant|antioxidant]] properties of resveratrol. Researchers found that it had the ability to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, which are key contributors to aging and age-related diseases. These initial findings sparked interest in resveratrol as a potential anti-aging compound. | The early studies primarily focused on the [[Antioxidant|antioxidant]] properties of resveratrol. Researchers found that it had the ability to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, which are key contributors to aging and age-related diseases. These initial findings sparked interest in resveratrol as a potential anti-aging compound. | ||
Over the years, research on resveratrol has expanded to explore its impact on a variety of biological processes related to aging. Studies have investigated its role in inflammation reduction, sirtuin activation, and its potential to mimic the effects of [[Caloric Restriction|caloric restriction]] – one of the few scientifically supported interventions known to extend lifespan in various organisms. The body of research has grown to include clinical trials aiming to understand the effects of resveratrol on human health and longevity. | |||
Over the years, research on resveratrol has expanded to explore its impact on a variety of biological processes related to aging. Studies have investigated its role in inflammation reduction, sirtuin activation, and its potential to mimic the effects of caloric restriction – one of the few scientifically supported interventions known to extend lifespan in various organisms. The body of research has grown to include clinical trials aiming to understand the effects of resveratrol on human health and longevity. | |||
Over the years, research on resveratrol has expanded to explore its impact on a variety of biological processes related to aging. Studies have investigated its role in inflammation reduction, sirtuin activation, and its potential to mimic the effects of [[Caloric Restriction|caloric restriction]] – one of the few scientifically supported interventions known to extend lifespan in various organisms. The body of research has grown to include clinical trials aiming to understand the effects of resveratrol on human health and longevity. | |||
== Natural Sources == | == Natural Sources == | ||
Resveratrol is primarily found in the skin of grapes and in red wine, but it is also present in other fruits, vegetables, and plants. Here are some of the natural sources of resveratrol: | |||
Resveratrol is primarily found in the skin of grapes and in red wine, but it is also present in other fruits, vegetables, and plants. Here are some of the natural sources of resveratrol: | Resveratrol is primarily found in the skin of grapes and in red wine, but it is also present in other fruits, vegetables, and plants. Here are some of the natural sources of resveratrol: | ||
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* '''Raw Peanuts:''' Peanuts, especially the skins, contain resveratrol. | * '''Raw Peanuts:''' Peanuts, especially the skins, contain resveratrol. | ||
* '''Peanut Butter:''' A source of resveratrol, though levels are lower compared to raw peanuts. | * '''Peanut Butter:''' A source of resveratrol, though levels are lower compared to raw peanuts. | ||
== Biological Mechanisms == | |||
== Biological Mechanisms == | == Biological Mechanisms == | ||
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=== Anti-Inflammatory Effects === | === Anti-Inflammatory Effects === | ||
=== Sirtuin Activation and Regulation === | === Sirtuin Activation and Regulation === | ||
=== Impact on Telomeres === | === Impact on Telomeres === | ||
=== Additional Mechanisms === | === Additional Mechanisms === | ||
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*'''Trans-resveratrol''' is the most abundant and biologically active form of resveratrol in plants. It is the form that has been most studied in scientific research and is thought to be responsible for the majority of the health benefits associated with resveratrol. | *'''Trans-resveratrol''' is the most abundant and biologically active form of resveratrol in plants. It is the form that has been most studied in scientific research and is thought to be responsible for the majority of the health benefits associated with resveratrol. | ||
In addition to cis- and trans-resveratrol, there are also a number of other forms of resveratrol, including: | In addition to cis- and trans-resveratrol, there are also a number of other forms of resveratrol, including: | ||
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===Trans-Resveratrol=== | ===Trans-Resveratrol=== | ||
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%;" | {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%;" | ||
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=== Recommended Dosage=== | === Recommended Dosage=== | ||
=== Recommended Dosage=== | |||
The recommended dosage for adults is generally between 150 to 500 mg per day, although this can vary based on individual health conditions and specific product formulations. In a study {{#pmid:20935227|pmid20935227}}, participants received resveratrol for 29 days at doses of up to 5.0g per day. | The recommended dosage for adults is generally between 150 to 500 mg per day, although this can vary based on individual health conditions and specific product formulations. In a study {{#pmid:20935227|pmid20935227}}, participants received resveratrol for 29 days at doses of up to 5.0g per day. | ||
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===Safety === | ===Safety === | ||
===Side Effects=== | ===Side Effects=== | ||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
== Further Reading == | == Further Reading == | ||
== ToDo == | == ToDo == | ||