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NADase: Difference between revisions

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NADase (view source)

Revision as of 03:48, 11 December 2023

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→‎Known NADase Enzymes
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! Enzyme!! Description!!Function!!Location/Expression!!Implications in Aging!!Associated Diseases
! Enzyme!! Description!!Function!!Location/Expression!!Implications in Aging!!Associated Diseases
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|'''[[CD38]]'''||CD38 is a multifunctional enzyme involved in calcium signaling and plays a role in immune response, cellular metabolism, and NAD+ homeostasis.||Calcium signaling, cell adhesion, immune response.||Widely expressed in various tissues, including immune cells.||Involved in cellular aging processes, and its activity has been linked to a reduction in cellular NAD+ levels.||Chronic inflammatory conditions, some leukemias
|'''[[CD38]]'''||CD38 is a multifunctional enzyme involved in calcium signaling and immune response. It regulates NAD+ homeostasis by catalyzing the conversion of NAD+ to ADP-ribose and nicotinamide.||Calcium signaling, immune response, NAD+ metabolism.||Widely expressed in immune cells and various other tissues.||High activity linked to reduced NAD+ levels, impacting cellular aging and metabolic health.||Chronic inflammatory conditions, some forms of leukemia, metabolic disorders.
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|'''[[CD157]] / BST1'''||CD157, also known as bone marrow stromal antigen 1 (BST1), is involved in monocyte and neutrophil infiltration during inflammatory responses and has implications in leukocyte trafficking.||Monocyte and neutrophil infiltration during inflammatory responses.||Primarily expressed in bone marrow and myeloid cells.||Its roles in inflammation might have implications in aging-related inflammatory conditions.||Autoimmune diseases, some cancers
|'''[[CD157]] / BST1'''||CD157/BST1 functions in leukocyte trafficking, particularly affecting monocyte and neutrophil migration during inflammation. It shares structural similarities with CD38 and has NADase activity.||Regulation of monocyte and neutrophil migration, inflammatory response.||Primarily found in bone marrow, myeloid cells, and certain immune cells.||Its roles in inflammation and immune regulation might impact aging-related inflammatory conditions.||Autoimmune diseases, some hematological cancers.
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|'''[[SARM1]]'''||SARM1 (Sterile Alpha and TIR Motif Containing 1) is predominantly known for its role in programmed axon degeneration and has implications in neurodegenerative conditions.||Induces axonal degeneration after injury, involved in innate immune response.||Predominantly expressed in the nervous system.||Its role in axon degeneration has implications in aging-related neurodegenerative conditions.||Neurodegenerative diseases
|'''[[SARM1]]'''||SARM1, crucial in programmed axon degeneration, is a central player in axonal injury responses. It possesses intrinsic NADase activity, leading to axonal degeneration.||Axonal degeneration, innate immune response.||Predominantly located in the nervous system, particularly in neurons.||Key in neurodegenerative processes related to aging and neuronal injury.||Various neurodegenerative diseases like ALS, peripheral neuropathies.
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|'''[[PARP1]]'''||PARP1 (Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase 1) is involved in DNA repair and cell death. It uses NAD+ to add ADP-ribose units to proteins.||DNA repair, modification of nuclear proteins, cell death.||Expressed in the nucleus of cells, widespread in various tissues.||Altered PARP1 activity can influence aging processes, particularly in DNA repair mechanisms.||Cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory diseases
|'''[[PARP1]]'''||PARP1 is a DNA repair enzyme that consumes NAD+ to add ADP-ribose units to target proteins, facilitating DNA repair and cell survival.||DNA repair, cell survival, ADP-ribosylation of proteins.||Ubiquitously expressed in the nucleus of cells across various tissues.||Altered activity affects DNA repair mechanisms, crucial in aging and cellular health.||Various cancers, ischemic injuries, neurodegenerative diseases.
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|'''[[PARP2]]'''||PARP2, similar to PARP1, participates in DNA repair and can modify proteins through ADP-ribosylation. It also plays a role in maintaining genomic stability.||DNA repair, genomic stability, ADP-ribosylation of proteins.||Found in the nucleus, expressed in various cell types.||Influences aging-related processes, especially in DNA maintenance and repair.||Cancer, certain genetic disorders
|'''[[PARP2]]'''||Similar to PARP1, PARP2 is involved in DNA repair. It also helps maintain genomic stability and regulates gene expression.||DNA repair, genomic stability, gene expression regulation.||Located in the cell nucleus, expressed in a range of cell types.||Influences DNA maintenance and repair processes important in aging.||Cancers, particularly those sensitive to DNA damage, some genetic disorders.
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|'''[[Sirtuins]]'''||Sirtuins, a family of NAD+-dependent deacetylases, are involved in various cellular processes like aging, gene expression regulation, and stress resistance. Some also have ADP-ribosyltransferase activity.||Regulation of gene expression, DNA repair, metabolism, stress resistance.||Widely expressed in various tissues; different sirtuins have specific distributions.||Play a critical role in aging and longevity, influencing various age-related cellular processes.||Aging-related diseases, metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases
|'''[[Sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7)]]'''||Sirtuins, a family of NAD+-dependent enzymes (SIRT1-SIRT7), are involved in a wide range of cellular processes. Each sirtuin has distinct functions, from DNA repair to metabolic regulation.||Gene expression regulation, DNA repair, metabolism, stress resistance, cell survival.||Diverse expression patterns; SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT6 are key in metabolic regulation.||Critical in cellular aging, metabolic health, and stress responses.||Aging, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases.
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