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Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN): Difference between revisions
Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) (view source)
Revision as of 23:43, 19 December 2023
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The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and age-mitigating effects of CoQ10 position it as a valuable supplement in an orthomolecular approach to combat the biological process of aging. This is especially true when considering its supportive role in enhancing NAD+ levels. However, further research is needed to fully elucidate the synergistic benefits of combining NAD+ precursors with CoQ10 supplementation in aging and age-related diseases. | The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and age-mitigating effects of CoQ10 position it as a valuable supplement in an orthomolecular approach to combat the biological process of aging. This is especially true when considering its supportive role in enhancing NAD+ levels. However, further research is needed to fully elucidate the synergistic benefits of combining NAD+ precursors with CoQ10 supplementation in aging and age-related diseases. | ||
=== 3.3. Trimethylglycine (TMG) === | |||
[[Trimethylglycine (TMG)]], also known as betaine, was initially derived from the beetroot plant and is recognized for its osmoprotectant and anti-inflammatory properties. As a primary methyl group donor, TMG plays a significant role in DNA methylation processes, alongside other compounds like methionine and choline. The rate of DNA methylation is closely linked to the availability of these methyl donors{{pmid|28468239}}. TMG also acts to suppress various inflammatory expression profiles, including TNF-α, COX2, and NF-kB activity{{pmid|16282556}}. | |||
The role of TMG extends to combating age-related pathologies. It does so by supporting optimal lipid and glucose metabolism, inhibiting inflammatory transcription processes, and reducing cellular ER stress{{pmid|29881379}}. One of the notable aspects of TMG's function is its influence on the methylation process, crucial for epigenetic regulation and genome stability, which are integral to healthy aging. | |||
A key consideration in the context of NAD+ supplementation is the impact on TMG levels. The degradation of NAD+ precursors, particularly [[Nicotinamide (NAM)|nicotinamide (NAM)]], demands a higher consumption of TMG compared to choline, potentially depleting the available pool of methyl donors{{pmid|27567458}}. This elevated consumption of TMG during NAM degradation underscores the importance of supplementing with methyl donors when administering NAD+ precursors, especially NAM, to maintain balanced methylation{{pmid|23768418}}. | |||
However, the specific effects of NMN or direct NAD+ conversion on methylation levels have yet to be thoroughly investigated. Therefore, concurrent supplementation of NMN, NAD+, or other NAD+ precursors along with TMG could be a strategic approach to prevent a decline in TMG levels. This co-supplementation may ensure the maintenance of proper methylation health and function, thereby supporting overall well-being and potentially mitigating age-related decline. | |||
==Clinical Trials== | ==Clinical Trials== | ||
Starting in 2020, with the assessment of the safety of a single dose administration of NMN, there have been around 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) exploring the compound's effects in various contexts. The trials have varied in duration, with the longest running for 12 weeks. In terms of dosage, they have explored a range of quantities, with the highest being 1,250 mg of NMN per day and 2,000 mg (2 g) of MIB-626, a specific formulation of NMN, per day. The following table provides a comprehensive overview of these trials, detailing their design, participant demographics, dosages, and key findings: | Starting in 2020, with the assessment of the safety of a single dose administration of NMN, there have been around 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) exploring the compound's effects in various contexts. The trials have varied in duration, with the longest running for 12 weeks. In terms of dosage, they have explored a range of quantities, with the highest being 1,250 mg of NMN per day and 2,000 mg (2 g) of MIB-626, a specific formulation of NMN, per day. The following table provides a comprehensive overview of these trials, detailing their design, participant demographics, dosages, and key findings: | ||