Quercetin: Difference between revisions

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In red onions, higher concentrations of quercetin occur in the outermost rings and in the part closest to the root, the latter being the part of the plant with the highest concentration.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Slimestad R, Fossen T, Vågen IM|title=Onions: a source of unique dietary flavonoids|journal=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry|volume=55|issue=25|pages=10067–80|date=December 2007|pmid=17997520|doi=10.1021/jf0712503}}</ref> One study found that [[wikipedia:Organic_farming|organically grown]] [[wikipedia:Tomato|tomatoes]] had 79% more quercetin than non-organically grown fruit.<ref name="pmid17590007">{{cite journal|vauthors=Mitchell AE, Hong YJ, Koh E, Barrett DM, Bryant DE, Denison RF, Kaffka S|title=Ten-year comparison of the influence of organic and conventional crop management practices on the content of flavonoids in tomatoes|journal=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry|volume=55|issue=15|pages=6154–9|date=Jul 2007|pmid=17590007|doi=10.1021/jf070344+}}</ref> Quercetin is present in various kinds of [[wikipedia:Honey|honey]] from different plant sources. <ref name="pmid21229237">{{cite journal|vauthors=Petrus K, Schwartz H, Sontag G|title=Analysis of flavonoids in honey by HPLC coupled with coulometric electrode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry|journal=Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry|volume=400|issue=8|pages=2555–63|date=Jun 2011|pmid=21229237|doi=10.1007/s00216-010-4614-7|s2cid=24796542}}</ref>
In red onions, higher concentrations of quercetin occur in the outermost rings and in the part closest to the root, the latter being the part of the plant with the highest concentration.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Slimestad R, Fossen T, Vågen IM|title=Onions: a source of unique dietary flavonoids|journal=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry|volume=55|issue=25|pages=10067–80|date=December 2007|pmid=17997520|doi=10.1021/jf0712503}}</ref> One study found that [[wikipedia:Organic_farming|organically grown]] [[wikipedia:Tomato|tomatoes]] had 79% more quercetin than non-organically grown fruit.<ref name="pmid17590007">{{cite journal|vauthors=Mitchell AE, Hong YJ, Koh E, Barrett DM, Bryant DE, Denison RF, Kaffka S|title=Ten-year comparison of the influence of organic and conventional crop management practices on the content of flavonoids in tomatoes|journal=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry|volume=55|issue=15|pages=6154–9|date=Jul 2007|pmid=17590007|doi=10.1021/jf070344+}}</ref> Quercetin is present in various kinds of [[wikipedia:Honey|honey]] from different plant sources. <ref name="pmid21229237">{{cite journal|vauthors=Petrus K, Schwartz H, Sontag G|title=Analysis of flavonoids in honey by HPLC coupled with coulometric electrode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry|journal=Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry|volume=400|issue=8|pages=2555–63|date=Jun 2011|pmid=21229237|doi=10.1007/s00216-010-4614-7|s2cid=24796542}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+Summary of the Estimated Daily Background Intake of Quercetin from Naturally Occurring Sources in the United States by Population Group (2003-2004 NHANES Data and USDA Database for the Flavonoid Content of Selected Foods) <ref name="GRN341" />
! rowspan="2" |Population Group
! rowspan="2" |Age Group (Years)
! rowspan="2" |% Users
! colspan="3" |Background Quercetin Intake (Users Only)
|-
!Mean (mg)
!90th Percentile (mg)
!Maximum (mg)
|-
|Infants
|0  to 2
|54.2
|45170
|45110
|60.2
|-
|Children
|3 to 11
|85.5
|45079
|44991
|96.4
|-
|Female
|79.6
|790
|45117
|176.8
|12 to 19
|-
|Male  Teenagers
|12 to 19
|83.9
|44932
|44941
|118.2
|-
|Female Adults
|20 and Up
|82.4
|45112
|45092
|117.5
|-
|Male Adults
|20 and Up
|84.0
|45084
|45155
|258.2
|-
|Total Population
|All Ages
|79.9
|45174
|45121
|258.2
|}
== Chemical and Physical Properties==
== Chemical and Physical Properties==


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