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The findings from these studies suggest that creatine and/or GAA may offer some therapeutic benefits for patients with CFS, ME, or fibromyalgia by improving functional capacity. However, more research is needed to confirm these effects and understand creatine's role better in managing chronic fatigue-related syndromes. {{#pmid:33572884|pmid33572884}} | The findings from these studies suggest that creatine and/or GAA may offer some therapeutic benefits for patients with CFS, ME, or fibromyalgia by improving functional capacity. However, more research is needed to confirm these effects and understand creatine's role better in managing chronic fatigue-related syndromes. {{#pmid:33572884|pmid33572884}} | ||
=== Antidepressive | === Pregnancy === | ||
Creatine, known for boosting cellular energy, has sparked interest for its potential use during pregnancy to aid neural development and lessen complications from birth asphyxia. The fetus depends on the mother for creatine until late pregnancy, making creatine crucial during this period. Animal studies show that maternal creatine supplementation could enhance neonatal survival and organ function post birth asphyxia. While creatine needs do increase in pregnant women, the research on creatine supplementation during pregnancy in humans is still limited. Though creatine has been found safe in many groups, its safety and effectiveness during pregnancy need more investigation. Hence, while creatine might support the nutritional needs and health of both mother and child, recommending its use during pregnancy should be done with caution due to the limited human studies. {{#pmid:33572884|pmid33572884}} | |||
===Immune Support=== | |||
One of the more novel potential uses of creatine is its influence on the immune system. A number of in vitro and animal studies indicate that creatine has immunomodulatory effects. In this regard, several studies have reported that creatine supplementation may alter production and/or the expression of molecules involved in recognizing infections like toll-like receptors (TLR). Creatine might also affect cytokine dynamics, possibly reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, which could explain its observed neuroprotective benefits in certain central nervous system-related diseases. However, its effects on inflammation and immune response are complex, with some studies indicating potential exacerbation of exercise-induced asthma, while others suggest benefits in lung ischemia and certain respiratory conditions. Additional research is needed to understand creatine’s anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating effects, but it is clear that creatine can affect these pathways. Thus, there is evidence to suggest that supplementation may have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating effects. {{#pmid:33572884|pmid33572884}} | |||
===Antidepressive Properties=== | |||
There have been suggestions since the early 1980s that creatine metabolism or availability might have antidepressive effects, based on numerous studies. Further investigations have assessed how creatine or its precursors like [[S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe)|S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe)]] and [[Guanidinoacetate (GAA)|guanidinoacetate (GAA)]], influence brain phosphagen levels, depression markers, or the effectiveness of antidepressant medications. For instance, SAMe has been found to be a viable treatment for clinical depression. In one study, SAMe supplementation led to increased brain creatine and phosphocreatine (PCr) levels, with a more pronounced effect in women compared to men. {{#pmid:33572884|pmid33572884}} | There have been suggestions since the early 1980s that creatine metabolism or availability might have antidepressive effects, based on numerous studies. Further investigations have assessed how creatine or its precursors like [[S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe)|S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe)]] and [[Guanidinoacetate (GAA)|guanidinoacetate (GAA)]], influence brain phosphagen levels, depression markers, or the effectiveness of antidepressant medications. For instance, SAMe has been found to be a viable treatment for clinical depression. In one study, SAMe supplementation led to increased brain creatine and phosphocreatine (PCr) levels, with a more pronounced effect in women compared to men. {{#pmid:33572884|pmid33572884}} | ||
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Although more research is needed, there is some evidence suggesting that creatine may help manage some types of depression and/or anxiety disorders, particularly when combined with choline. This indicates that creatine supplementation might be a supportive measure for mental health. {{#pmid:33572884|pmid33572884}} | Although more research is needed, there is some evidence suggesting that creatine may help manage some types of depression and/or anxiety disorders, particularly when combined with choline. This indicates that creatine supplementation might be a supportive measure for mental health. {{#pmid:33572884|pmid33572884}} | ||
=== Reproductive Health === | |||
===Reproductive Health=== | |||
There's interest in the potential of creatine to improve fertility due to its role in energy production, crucial for sperm motility. Creatine kinase activity has been associated with better sperm quality and function (4 studies). Some fertility treatments have experimented with adding creatine to the medium during intrauterine insemination to boost sperm viability and the success rates of the procedures, as reported in multiple studies (6 studies). While these initial findings are promising, more research is necessary to fully understand creatine's role in fertility and reproductive health. {{#pmid:33572884|pmid33572884}} | There's interest in the potential of creatine to improve fertility due to its role in energy production, crucial for sperm motility. Creatine kinase activity has been associated with better sperm quality and function (4 studies). Some fertility treatments have experimented with adding creatine to the medium during intrauterine insemination to boost sperm viability and the success rates of the procedures, as reported in multiple studies (6 studies). While these initial findings are promising, more research is necessary to fully understand creatine's role in fertility and reproductive health. {{#pmid:33572884|pmid33572884}} | ||